Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Nutrients. 2020 Mar 14;12(3):768. doi: 10.3390/nu12030768.
The etiology of prostate cancer (PCa) remains largely unknown. Compliance with the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRC/AICR) cancer prevention recommendations and its relationship to PCa was evaluated. A total of 398 incident PCa cases and 302 controls were included. The selection criteria for both cases and controls were: (i) age between 40-80 years; and (ii) residence in the coverage area of the reference hospitals for 6 months or more prior to recruitment. A score to measure the compliance with the recommendations of 2018 WCRC/AICR criteria was built. The level of compliance was used as a continuous variable and categorized in terciles. The aggressiveness of PCa was determined according to the ISUP classification. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression models. A slight protective tendency was observed between the level of compliance with the preventive recommendations and PCa risk, aOR = 0.81 (95% CI 0.69-0.96) for the total cases of PCa. This association also was observed when the aggressiveness was considered. In addition, limiting consumption of "fast foods", sugar-sweetened drinks, and alcohol were independently associated with lower risk of PCa.
前列腺癌 (PCa) 的病因在很大程度上尚不清楚。本研究评估了遵守 2018 年世界癌症研究基金会/美国癌症研究所 (WCRC/AICR) 癌症预防建议及其与 PCa 的关系。共纳入 398 例新发 PCa 病例和 302 例对照。病例和对照的入选标准为：(i) 年龄在 40-80 岁之间；和 (ii) 在招募前 6 个月或更长时间内居住在参考医院的覆盖区域内。建立了一个衡量遵守 2018 年 WCRC/AICR 标准建议的得分。遵守程度用作连续变量，并分为三部分。根据 ISUP 分类确定 PCa 的侵袭性。使用多变量逻辑回归模型估计调整后的优势比 (aOR) 及其 95%置信区间 (95%CI)。在总 PCa 病例中，与预防建议的遵守水平与 PCa 风险之间观察到轻微的保护趋势，aOR = 0.81 (95%CI 0.69-0.96)。当考虑侵袭性时，也观察到这种关联。此外，限制“快餐”、含糖饮料和酒精的消费与 PCa 风险降低独立相关。
