Faculty of Medical Sciences, Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
Faculty of Medical Sciences, Centre for Cancer, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2024 Feb 23;46(1):61-71. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdad218.
The 2018 (WCRF)/American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) Cancer Prevention Recommendations are evidence-based lifestyle recommendations which aim to reduce the risk of cancer worldwide. Sociodemographic factors modulate lifestyle behaviours, and both cancer incidence and survival are socio-economically patterned. We investigated adherence to these recommendations and examined patterns of adherence across sociodemographic subgroups in the UK Biobank cohort.
We included 158 415 UK Biobank participants (mean age 56 years, 53% female). Total adherence scores were derived from dietary, physical activity and anthropometric data using the 2018 WCRF/AICR standardized scoring system. One-Way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test for differences in total scores and in values for individual score components according to sociodemographic factors and Pearson's Χ2 test to investigate associations between sociodemographic factors according to tertiles of adherence score.
Mean total adherence score was 3.85 points (SD 1.05, range 0-7 points). Higher total scores were observed in females, and older (>57 years), Chinese or South Asian, and more educated participants. We found significant variations in adherence to individual recommendations by sociodemographic factors including education, Townsend deprivation index and ethnicity.
Identifying and understanding lifestyle and dietary patterns according to sociodemographic factors could help to guide public health strategies for the prevention of cancers and other non-communicable diseases.
2018 年（WCRF）/美国癌症研究所（AICR）癌症预防建议是基于证据的生活方式建议，旨在降低全球癌症风险。社会人口因素调节生活方式行为，癌症发病率和生存率都具有社会经济模式。我们调查了这些建议的遵守情况，并在英国生物银行队列的社会人口亚组中检查了遵守建议的模式。
我们纳入了 158415 名英国生物银行参与者（平均年龄 56 岁，53%为女性）。总依从评分是根据饮食、身体活动和人体测量数据使用 2018 年 WCRF/AICR 标准化评分系统得出的。采用单因素方差分析（ANOVA）检验社会人口因素对总评分和个体评分成分值的差异，采用 Pearson's Χ2 检验检验社会人口因素与依从评分三分位数之间的关联。
平均总依从评分为 3.85 分（SD 1.05，范围 0-7 分）。女性、年龄较大（>57 岁）、中国人或南亚人、受教育程度较高的参与者总评分较高。我们发现，社会人口因素（包括教育、汤森剥夺指数和种族）对个别建议的依从性存在显著差异。
根据社会人口因素识别和理解生活方式和饮食模式，有助于指导预防癌症和其他非传染性疾病的公共卫生策略。
