Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2020 Sep;36(5):357-364. doi: 10.1111/phpp.12557. Epub 2020 Apr 28.
During the last 20 years, 50% of adults with sun-sensitive skin have sunburned annually. Reducing the proportion of people who sunburn requires understanding the circumstances and outdoor activities during which at-risk people sunburn.
A 7-day observational study of melanoma survivors (n = 20) and young adult first-degree relatives of melanoma survivors (FDRs) (n = 20) captured daily UV exposure, sun protection, and sunburns during spring and summer in the Midwest of the United States (latitude 41.8°N). Participants wore UV and physical activity sensors and completed a daily self-reported survey of sun protection, sunburn, and physical activities. The estimated protection-adjusted UV dose was calculated for each body area by integrating self-reported sun protection with UV sensor dose.
In 254 days, at least one body area in 9 of 20 (45%) melanoma survivors and 11 of 20 (55%) FDRs was sunburned (erythema at 24 hours). Sunburns were associated with spring and walking for transportation or leisure, especially walking the dog. Melanoma survivors used sunscreen daily on the face; however, forearms and lower legs were not protected during walking. Young adults did not use sun protection on the face, forearms or lower legs during walking for transportation and use was ineffective during sports.
The sun protection patterns of daily living identified in this study may promote recognition of erythema as sunburn and inform the development of tailored sun protection mobile applications promoting self-monitoring with wearable UV sensors.
在过去的 20 年中，有 50%的光敏性皮肤成年人每年都会晒伤。要减少晒伤人数，就需要了解高危人群在什么情况下和进行什么户外活动时会晒伤。
本研究对 20 名黑色素瘤幸存者和 20 名黑色素瘤幸存者的一级亲属（FDR）进行了为期 7 天的观察性研究，以记录他们在美国中西部（纬度 41.8°N）春季和夏季的日常紫外线暴露、防晒措施和晒伤情况。参与者佩戴紫外线和身体活动传感器，并完成每日防晒、晒伤和身体活动的自我报告调查。通过将自我报告的防晒措施与紫外线传感器剂量相结合，为每个身体部位计算了经防护调整后的紫外线剂量。
在 254 天中，20 名黑色素瘤幸存者中有 9 名（45%），20 名 FDR 中有 11 名（55%）至少有一个身体部位出现晒伤（24 小时时出现红斑）。晒伤与春季和步行进行交通或休闲活动有关，尤其是遛狗。黑色素瘤幸存者每天在脸部涂抹防晒霜；但在步行时，前臂和小腿没有得到防护。年轻成年人在步行进行交通和运动时，不会在脸部、前臂或小腿使用防晒霜，且防晒措施无效。
本研究中确定的日常生活防晒模式可能有助于人们认识到红斑就是晒伤，并为开发促进自我监测的定制防晒移动应用程序提供信息，这些应用程序可利用可穿戴紫外线传感器。
