Food and Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Leung Suk Fong Sophie Clinics, Pacific Centre, Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2020 May;74(5):765-774. doi: 10.1038/s41430-020-0604-9. Epub 2020 Mar 16.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Diet westernization in Hong Kong may increase trans fat intake, whereas it may decrease intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The present study was to determine the current breast milk fatty acid composition and trans fat intake by Hong Kong lactating mothers.
Sixty lactating women were recruited for the study. Each participant donated 15 ml of milk at week 4 and 6 after delivery. Dietary data were collected using a 3-day food record method, covering 2 weekdays and 1 weekend day. Milk fatty acids were analyzed using a gas chromatography method. Trans fat consumption was assessed using the Nutrition Data System for Research or calculating the intake based on percentage of trans fatty acids in the breast milk.
Linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid in breast milk were 16.23%, 1.52%, 0.59%, and 0.66% total milk lipids, respectively. Mean daily intakes of total fat, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, were 79, 24, 29, and 18 g, respectively. Total trans fat intake was estimated to be 1.15-1.20 g daily and accounted for 0.50-0.52% total energy.
Breast milk of Hong Kong Chinese lactating women contained relatively higher contents of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids compared with those of Western countries. Compared with the previous study conducted in 1995, breast milk total trans fatty acids in 2018 still remained low. Total trans fat intake by Hong Kong lactating women in 2018 was a half of WHO's recommendation that total trans fat intake should be <1% total energy.
背景/目的：香港的西化饮食可能会增加反式脂肪的摄入量，同时减少多不饱和脂肪酸的摄入量。本研究旨在确定香港哺乳期母亲的母乳脂肪酸组成和反式脂肪摄入量。
招募了 60 名哺乳期妇女参加本研究。每位参与者在分娩后第 4 周和第 6 周各捐献 15 毫升母乳。采用 3 天食物记录法收集膳食数据，包括 2 个工作日和 1 个周末。采用气相色谱法分析牛奶脂肪酸。反式脂肪的摄入量通过使用研究营养数据系统或根据母乳中反式脂肪酸的百分比来计算。
母乳中的亚油酸、α-亚麻酸、花生四烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸分别占总乳脂的 16.23%、1.52%、0.59%和 0.66%。每日总脂肪、饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸的摄入量分别为 79、24、29 和 18g。总反式脂肪摄入量估计为 1.15-1.20g 每日，占总能量的 0.50-0.52%。
与西方国家相比，香港哺乳期中国母亲母乳中的花生四烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸含量较高。与 1995 年进行的先前研究相比，2018 年母乳中的总反式脂肪酸仍较低。2018 年香港哺乳期妇女的总反式脂肪摄入量为世界卫生组织建议的总反式脂肪摄入量应<1%总能量的一半。
