Department of Disease Control and Elimination, Medical Research Council The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia.
Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
BMC Public Health. 2020 Mar 24;20(1):384. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-08513-y.
Many studies on malaria knowledge, attitude and practice among pregnant women have been conducted in Hausa speaking communities in Nigeria. Despite this, no standard and uniform instrument for assessing this important public health problem has been developed in the Hausa language, even though it is widely spoken. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire in Hausa language assessing information, motivation, and behavioural skills for malaria prevention during pregnancy.
The questionnaire was first developed in English language, and then assessed for its contents by a team of experts. It was then forwardly translated to Hausa, and backwardly translated again to English by independent language experts. These two English versions were then compared by a Public Health expert, following which the questionnaire was administered to 190 Hausa speaking antenatal care attendees. Exploratory factor analysis was performed on the data collected. Sixty three out of the 190 respondents were invited after 2 weeks to answer the same questionnaire, following which reliability tests were performed.
The questionnaire showed good internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha values of 0.859, 0.890 and 0.773 for information, motivation and behavioural skills constructs respectively. The motivation and behavioural skills constructs were able to delineate their items into three and two sub-sections respectively. The factor loadings for the two constructs ranged from 0.610 to 0.965. As for test retest reliability, the Krippendorff's alpha values for the items of the motivation section ranged from 0.941 to 0.996; that for behavioural skills ranged from 0.810 to 0.953, while for frequency of ITN use, it was 0.988. The Cohen's kappa values for the information section ranged from 0.689-0.974, except the item for 'fever' (zazzabi) which was 0.382, and was as such reworded to a simpler terminology 'hotness of the body' (zafin jiki).
The Hausa language IMB questionnaire on malaria in pregnancy demonstrated good validity, and a high level of reliability. It is as such recommended for use among Hausa speaking communities to ensure uniformity and objectivity.
在尼日利亚豪萨语社区已经进行了许多关于孕妇疟疾知识、态度和行为的研究。尽管如此，尽管豪萨语广泛使用，但尚未针对这一重要的公共卫生问题开发出标准和统一的评估工具。本研究旨在开发和验证豪萨语评估怀孕期间疟疾预防信息、动机和行为技能的问卷。
问卷最初以英语编写，然后由专家组评估其内容。然后将其正向翻译成豪萨语，再由独立的语言专家反向翻译成英语。一位公共卫生专家比较了这两个英语版本，之后向 190 名讲豪萨语的产前护理就诊者发放了问卷。对收集的数据进行了探索性因素分析。在 2 周后，邀请了 63 名受访者回答相同的问卷，然后进行了可靠性测试。
问卷显示出良好的内部一致性，信息、动机和行为技能结构的克朗巴赫 α 值分别为 0.859、0.890 和 0.773。动机和行为技能结构能够将其项目分别划分为三个和两个子部分。两个结构的因子负荷范围为 0.610 至 0.965。至于测试重测信度，动机部分项目的 Krippendorff's α 值范围为 0.941 至 0.996；行为技能的范围为 0.810 至 0.953，而 ITN 使用频率的范围为 0.988。信息部分项目的 Cohen's kappa 值范围为 0.689-0.974，除了“发烧”（zazzabi）一项为 0.382，因此被改写为更简单的术语“身体发热”（zafin jiki）。
豪萨语妊娠疟疾 IMB 问卷具有良好的有效性和高度的可靠性。因此，建议在豪萨语社区使用，以确保一致性和客观性。
