Srivastava Mrinalini, Singh Gaurav, Sharma Swati, Shukla Sudhir, Misra Pratibha
1CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India.
2Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India.
J Plant Growth Regul. 2019;38(2):373-384. doi: 10.1007/s00344-018-9847-2. Epub 2018 Aug 18.
L. has become an endangered medicinal plant due to the unabated extraction of glycyrrhizin. Glycyrrhizin is a triterpenoid saponin that is a root centric secondary metabolite having numerous pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antiallergic, antiulcer, and is found to be effective even against HIV. Harvesting of the roots for high value glycyrrhizin destroys the whole plant causing existential threat to the plant itself and consequent damage to biodiversity. The present study establishes that hairy root cultures of , using an optimized elicitor, can dramatically enhance focused production of glycyrrhizin at a much faster pace year-round without causing destruction of the plant. Hairy root cultures of were developed using the A4 strain. The glycyrrhizin content was enhanced using different biotic and abiotic elicitors, for example, PEG (polyethylene glycol), CdCl, cellulase, and mannan at different concentrations and durations. PEG at 1% concentration enhanced the yield of glycyrrhizin up to 5.4-fold after 24 h of exposure, whereas 200 µg mL cellulase enhanced glycyrrhizin yield to 8.6-fold after 7 days of treatment. Mannan at 10 mg L concentration enhanced the production of glycyrrhizin up to 7.8-fold after 10 days of stress. Among different antioxidant enzymes, SOD activity was significantly enhanced under drought, cellulase and mannan stress. This identification of elicitors can result in abundant supply of valuable glycyrrhizin to meet broad spectrum demand through commercial production without endangering L.
由于甘草酸的过度提取，甘草已成为一种濒危药用植物。甘草酸是一种三萜皂苷，是一种以根为中心的次生代谢产物，具有多种药理特性，如抗炎、免疫调节、抗过敏、抗溃疡等，甚至被发现对艾滋病毒也有效。为获取高价值的甘草酸而采挖根部会破坏整株植物，对植物本身构成生存威胁，进而损害生物多样性。本研究表明，利用优化的诱导子，甘草的毛状根培养物能够全年以更快的速度显著提高甘草酸的定向产量，而不会导致植物被破坏。使用发根农杆菌A4菌株培育了甘草的毛状根培养物。使用不同的生物和非生物诱导子，如不同浓度和处理时间的聚乙二醇（PEG）、氯化镉、纤维素酶和甘露聚糖，提高了甘草酸的含量。1%浓度的PEG在处理24小时后使甘草酸产量提高了5.4倍，而200μg/mL纤维素酶在处理7天后使甘草酸产量提高到8.6倍。10mg/L浓度的甘露聚糖在胁迫10天后使甘草酸产量提高了7.8倍。在不同的抗氧化酶中，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性在干旱、纤维素酶和甘露聚糖胁迫下显著增强。这种诱导子的鉴定可以通过商业生产大量供应有价值的甘草酸，以满足广泛的需求，同时不会危及甘草。
