Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, USA.
Behav Res Ther. 2020 May;128:103597. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2020.103597. Epub 2020 Feb 29.
Worry has been experimentally linked to a range of cognitive consequences, including impairments in working memory, inhibition, and cognitive control. However, findings are mixed, and the effects of worry on other phenomenologically-relevant constructs, such as sustained attention, have received less attention. Potential confounds such as speed-accuracy tradeoffs have also received little attention, as have psychometric and related design considerations, and potential moderators beyond trait worry. The present study investigated the effects of experimentally-induced worry versus a neutral control condition on speed-accuracy tradeoff-corrected performance on a validated measure of sustained attention (88 participants; within-subjects). Moderation by trait worry and trait mindfulness was probed in confirmatory and exploratory analyses, respectively. Worry led to faster and less accurate responding relative to the neutral comparison condition. There was no main effect of condition or trait worry on sustained attention after accounting for speed-accuracy tradeoffs. In exploratory analyses, higher trait mindfulness was robustly related to better post-worry performance, including after controlling for trait worry, general distress, and post-neutral performance, and correction for multiple comparisons. Follow-up analyses exploring dissociable mindfulness facets found a robust relationship between present-moment attention and post-worry performance. Future research should experimentally manipulate mindfulness facets to probe causality and inform treatment development.
担忧已被实验证明与一系列认知后果有关，包括工作记忆、抑制和认知控制方面的损害。然而，研究结果存在差异，担忧对其他与现象学相关的结构的影响，如持续注意力，受到的关注较少。潜在的混杂因素，如速度-准确性权衡，也很少受到关注，以及心理计量学和相关设计考虑因素，以及除特质担忧之外的潜在调节因素。本研究在一项验证的持续注意力测量中（88 名参与者；被试内），实验诱导的担忧与中性对照条件对速度-准确性权衡校正后的表现的影响。特质担忧和特质正念的调节作用分别在验证性和探索性分析中进行了探讨。与中性对照条件相比，担忧导致更快但准确性更低的反应。在考虑速度-准确性权衡后，条件或特质担忧对持续注意力没有主要影响。在探索性分析中，较高的特质正念与更好的担忧后表现密切相关，包括在控制特质担忧、一般困扰和中性后表现以及多重比较校正后。后续分析探索了可分离的正念特质，发现当下注意力与担忧后表现之间存在稳健的关系。未来的研究应该通过实验来操纵正念特质，以探索因果关系并为治疗开发提供信息。
