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能动性与一种微生物:探索牛结核病的政治生态

Performativity and a microbe: Exploring and the political ecologies of bovine tuberculosis.

作者信息

Robinson Philip A

机构信息

Department of Animal Production, Welfare and Veterinary Sciences, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire TF10 8NB UK.

出版信息

Biosocieties. 2019;14(2):179-204. doi: 10.1057/s41292-018-0124-1. Epub 2018 Jun 6.

Abstract

, the bacterium responsible for causing bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in cattle, displays what I call 'microbial performativity'. Like many other lively disease-causing microorganisms, it has an agency which is difficult to contain, and there is a need for fresh thinking on the challenges of dealing with this slippery and indeterminate microbe. As a practising veterinary scientist who side-stepped mid-career into a parallel training in the social sciences to view bTB from an alternative perspective, I create an interdisciplinary coming-together where veterinary science converges with a political ecology of (animal) health influenced by science and technology studies (STS) and social science and humanities scholarship on performativity. This suitably hybridized nexus creates a place to consider the ecologies of a pathogen which could be considered as life out of control. I consider what this means for efforts to eradicate this disease through combining understandings from the published scientific literature with qualitative interview-based fieldwork with farmers, veterinarians and others involved in the statutory bTB eradication programme in a high incidence region of the UK. This study demonstrates the value of life scientists turning to the social sciences to re-view their familiar professional habitus-challenging assumptions, and offering alternative perspectives on complex problems.

摘要

导致牛患牛结核病(bTB)的细菌表现出我所说的“微生物能动性”。和许多其他活跃的致病微生物一样,它具有一种难以控制的能动性,因此需要对应对这种狡猾且难以捉摸的微生物所带来的挑战进行新的思考。作为一名执业兽医科学家,我在职业生涯中期转向社会科学领域进行平行培训,以便从另一个角度看待牛结核病。我创建了一个跨学科的融合点,将兽医学与受科学技术研究(STS)以及关于能动性的社会科学和人文学科研究影响的(动物)健康政治生态学结合起来。这个适当融合的联系点创造了一个场所,来思考一种可被视为失控生命的病原体的生态。我通过将已发表的科学文献中的理解与在英国一个高发病地区对农民、兽医和其他参与法定牛结核病根除计划的人员进行的基于定性访谈的实地调查相结合,来思考这对根除这种疾病的努力意味着什么。这项研究证明了生命科学家转向社会科学以重新审视他们熟悉的职业习惯、挑战假设并为复杂问题提供不同视角的价值。

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