Shashemene Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Shashemene, Ethiopia.
Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Sciences department of Medical laboratory, Awassa, Ethiopia.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2020 Mar 30;20(1):124. doi: 10.1186/s12886-020-01398-w.
Eye infection is a public health problem in developing countries including Ethiopia. Bacteria are major causative agents of eye infections that can lead to loss of vision. The objective of this study was to determine bacterial etiology of ocular and periocular infections, antimicrobial susceptibility profile and associated factors among patients who visited the eye unit of Shashamane Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (SCSH).
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at SCSH from September 1, 2018, to March 30, 2019. Specimens from the ocular and periocular areas were collected from a total of 332 patients who visited the eye unit. Specimens were inoculated on blood agar, chocolate agar, MacConkey agar, and mannitol salt agar. Isolated bacteria were identified by a series of biochemical tests using the standard bacteriological method. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute by disk diffusion method. Factors that could be associated with ocular and periocular infection were collected by using structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 22.0 software package. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Out of the total 332 study participants with ocular and periocular infections, 198(60%) were culture positive. The proportion of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were 135(68.2%) and 63(31.8%) respectively. Among Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus were predominant. Among Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli were predominant. Most S. aureus were resistant to penicillin.
Majority of ocular and periocular infections in this study were caused by bacteria; Gram-positive bacteria were responsible for most cases.
眼部感染是包括埃塞俄比亚在内的发展中国家的一个公共卫生问题。细菌是眼部感染的主要病原体，可导致视力丧失。本研究旨在确定沙萨曼综合专科医院（SCSH）眼科就诊患者眼部和眼周感染的细菌病因、抗菌药物敏感性谱以及相关因素。
这是一项 2018 年 9 月 1 日至 2019 年 3 月 30 日在 SCSH 进行的基于医院的横断面研究。从总共 332 名就诊于眼科的患者的眼部和眼周区域采集标本。将标本接种于血琼脂、巧克力琼脂、麦康凯琼脂和甘露醇盐琼脂。采用标准细菌学方法，通过一系列生化试验对分离出的细菌进行鉴定。根据临床和实验室标准协会，采用纸片扩散法进行抗菌药物敏感性试验。通过使用结构化问卷收集可能与眼部和眼周感染相关的因素。使用 SPSS 版本 22.0 软件包进行数据分析。P 值小于 0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
在总共 332 名患有眼部和眼周感染的研究参与者中，有 198 名（60%）培养阳性。革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌的比例分别为 135 例（68.2%）和 63 例（31.8%）。在革兰氏阳性菌中，金黄色葡萄球菌最为常见。在革兰氏阴性菌中，大肠杆菌最为常见。大多数金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素耐药。
本研究中大多数眼部和眼周感染是由细菌引起的；革兰氏阳性菌引起的病例最多。
