Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 27;17(7):2253. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17072253.
The toxicity of nanomaterials to microorganisms is related to their dose and environmental factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the shifts in the microbial community structure and metabolic profiles and to evaluate the environmental factors in a laboratory scale intertidal wetland system exposed to zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). Microbial assemblages were determined using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. Community-level physiological profiles were determined using Biolog-ECO technology. Results showed Proteobacteria was the predominant (42.6%-55.8%) phylum across all the sediments, followed by Bacteroidetes (18.9%-29.0%). The genera , , and were most frequently detected. At the studied concentrations (40 mg·L, 80 mg·L, 120 mg·L), ZnO NPs had obvious impacts on the activity of . Adverse effects were particularly evident in sulfur and nitrogen cycling bacteria such as , unidentified, and . The alpha diversity index of microbial community did not reflect stronger biological toxicity in the groups with high NP concentrations (80 mg·L, 120 mg·L) than the group with low NP concentration (40 mg·L). The average well color development (AWCD) values of periodically submersed groups were higher than those of long-term submersed groups. The group with NP concentration (40 mg·L) had the lowest AWCD value; those of the groups with high NP concentrations (80 mg·L, 120 mg·L) were slightly lower than that of the control group. The beta diversity showed that tidal activity shaped the similar microbial community among the periodically submerged groups, as well as the long-term submerged groups. The groups with high DO concentrations had higher diversity of the microbial community, better metabolic ability, and stronger resistance to ZnO NPs than the groups with a low DO concentration.
纳米材料对微生物的毒性与其剂量和环境因素有关。本研究旨在探讨在暴露于氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO NPs）的实验室规模潮间带湿地系统中，微生物群落结构和代谢谱的变化，并评估环境因素。使用 16S rRNA 高通量测序来确定微生物组合。使用 Biolog-ECO 技术来确定群落水平的生理特征。结果表明，在所有沉积物中，变形菌门（Proteobacteria）是最主要的（42.6%-55.8%）门，其次是拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）（18.9%-29.0%）。最常检测到的属是 、 和 。在所研究的浓度（40mg·L、80mg·L、120mg·L）下，ZnO NPs 对 的活性有明显影响。在高 NP 浓度（80mg·L、120mg·L）组中，硫和氮循环细菌的不良影响尤为明显，如 、未鉴定 、 和 。高 NP 浓度组（80mg·L、120mg·L）的微生物群落多样性指数并未反映出比低 NP 浓度组（40mg·L）更强的生物毒性。周期性淹没组的平均好氧颜色发展（AWCD）值高于长期淹没组。NP 浓度组（40mg·L）的 AWCD 值最低；高 NP 浓度组（80mg·L、120mg·L）的 AWCD 值略低于对照组。β多样性表明潮汐活动塑造了周期性淹没组和长期淹没组之间相似的微生物群落。高 DO 浓度组的微生物群落多样性较高，代谢能力较强，对 ZnO NPs 的抵抗力较强，而低 DO 浓度组则相反。
