Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Chem Rev. 2020 Nov 11;120(21):11900-11955. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00818. Epub 2020 Apr 3.
Manipulating metal atoms in a controllable way for the synthesis of materials with the desired structure and properties is the holy grail of chemical synthesis. The recent emergence of single atomic site catalysts (SASC) demonstrates that we are moving toward this goal. Owing to the maximum efficiency of atom-utilization and unique structures and properties, SASC have attracted extensive research attention and interest. The prerequisite for the scientific research and practical applications of SASC is to fabricate highly reactive and stable metal single atoms on appropriate supports. In this review, various synthetic strategies for the synthesis of SASC are summarized with concrete examples highlighting the key issues of the synthesis methods to stabilize single metal atoms on supports and to suppress their migration and agglomeration. Next, we discuss how synthesis conditions affect the structure and catalytic properties of SASC before ending this review by highlighting the prospects and challenges for the synthesis as well as further scientific researches and practical applications of SASC.
以可控的方式操纵金属原子来合成具有所需结构和性能的材料是化学合成的圣杯。最近出现的单原子位点催化剂（SASC）表明我们正在朝着这个目标前进。由于原子利用率的最大化以及独特的结构和性质，SASC 引起了广泛的研究关注和兴趣。SASC 的科学研究和实际应用的前提是在合适的载体上制备高活性和稳定的金属单原子。在这篇综述中，我们总结了各种合成 SASC 的策略，并通过具体实例突出了合成方法的关键问题，即在载体上稳定单金属原子并抑制其迁移和聚集。接下来，我们讨论了合成条件如何影响 SASC 的结构和催化性能，最后强调了 SASC 合成以及进一步的科学研究和实际应用的前景和挑战。
