Young Katherine I, Medwid Joseph T, Azar Sasha R, Huff Robert M, Drumm Hannah, Coffey Lark L, Pitts R Jason, Buenemann Michaela, Vasilakis Nikos, Perera David, Hanley Kathryn A
Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces NM 88003, USA.
Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2020 Apr 1;5(2):51. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed5020051.
Land cover and land use change (LCLUC) acts as a catalyst for spillover of arthropod-borne pathogens into novel hosts by shifting host and vector diversity, abundance, and distribution, ultimately reshaping host-vector interactions. Identification of bloodmeals from wild-caught mosquitoes provides insight into host utilization of particular species in particular land cover types, and hence their potential role in pathogen maintenance and spillover. Here, we collected 134 blood-engorged mosquitoes comprising 10 taxa across 9 land cover types in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo, a region experiencing intense LCLUC and concomitant spillover of arthropod-borne pathogens. Host sources of blood were successfully identified for 116 (87%) mosquitoes using cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) barcoding. A diverse range of hosts were identified, including reptiles, amphibians, birds, and mammals. Sixteen engorged , a major vector of dengue virus, were collected from seven land cover types and found to feed exclusively on humans (73%) and boar (27%). (n = 2), (n = 3), and (n = 3), vectors of Japanese encephalitis virus, fed on humans and pigs in the rural built-up land cover, creating potential transmission networks between these species. Our data support the use of COI barcoding to characterize mosquito-host networks in a biodiversity hotspot.
土地覆盖和土地利用变化（LCLUC）通过改变宿主和病媒的多样性、丰度及分布，成为节肢动物传播病原体向新宿主溢出的催化剂，最终重塑宿主-病媒相互作用。鉴定野外捕获蚊子的血餐能深入了解特定土地覆盖类型中特定蚊种的宿主利用情况，进而了解它们在病原体维持和溢出中的潜在作用。在此，我们在马来西亚婆罗洲砂拉越收集了134只饱腹蚊子，它们分属10个分类单元，分布在9种土地覆盖类型中，该地区正经历着强烈的土地覆盖和土地利用变化以及节肢动物传播病原体的伴随溢出。利用细胞色素氧化酶亚基I（COI）条形码技术成功鉴定出116只（87%）蚊子的血液宿主来源。鉴定出了种类多样的宿主，包括爬行动物、两栖动物、鸟类和哺乳动物。从7种土地覆盖类型中收集到16只登革热病毒的主要病媒白纹伊蚊，发现它们仅以人类（73%）和野猪（27%）为食。致倦库蚊（n = 2）、三带喙库蚊（n = 3）和中华按蚊（n = 3）是日本脑炎病毒的病媒，在农村建成区土地覆盖类型中以人类和猪为食，在这些物种之间形成了潜在的传播网络。我们的数据支持利用COI条形码技术来描绘生物多样性热点地区的蚊子-宿主网络。
