School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4 Belfield, Ireland.
TEAGASC Food Research Centre, Dublin 15 Ashtown, Ireland.
Mar Drugs. 2020 Mar 20;18(3):172. doi: 10.3390/md18030172.
This study aims to determine the influence of (1) ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), (2) microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and (3) a combination of ultrasound-microwave-assisted extraction (UMAE) on the yields of fucose-sulphated polysaccharides (FSPs), total soluble carbohydrates and antioxidants extracted from . Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate the influence of the extraction technologies on the surface of macroalgae while principal component analysis was used to assess the influence of the extraction forces on the yields of compounds. UMAE generated higher yields of compounds compared to UAE and MAE methods separately. The maximum yields of compounds achieved using UMAE were: FSPs (3533.75 ± 55.81 mg fucose/100 g dried macroalgae (dm)), total soluble carbohydrates (10408.72 ± 229.11 mg glucose equivalents/100 g dm) and phenolic compounds (2605.89 ± 192.97 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 g dm). The antioxidant properties of the extracts showed no clear trend or extreme improvements by using UAE, MAE or UMAE. The macroalgal cells were strongly altered by the application of MAE and UMAE, as revealed by the SEM images. Further research will be needed to understand the combined effect of sono-generated and microwave-induced modifications on macroalgae that will allow us to tailor the forces of extraction to target specific molecules.
本研究旨在确定（1）超声辅助提取（UAE）、（2）微波辅助提取（MAE）和（3）超声-微波辅助提取（UMAE）组合对从 中提取的岩藻糖硫酸多糖（FSPs）、总可溶性碳水化合物和抗氧化剂产率的影响。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）用于评估提取技术对大型藻类表面的影响，而主成分分析用于评估提取力对化合物产率的影响。与 UAE 和 MAE 方法相比，UMAE 产生了更高的化合物产率。使用 UMAE 获得的化合物的最高产率为：FSPs（3533.75 ± 55.81 mg 岩藻糖/100 g 干大型藻类（dm））、总可溶性碳水化合物（10408.72 ± 229.11 mg 葡萄糖当量/100 g dm）和酚类化合物（2605.89 ± 192.97 mg 没食子酸当量/100 g dm）。提取物的抗氧化性能通过 UAE、MAE 或 UMAE 的使用并没有显示出明显的趋势或极端改善。正如 SEM 图像所显示的那样，MAE 和 UMAE 的应用强烈改变了大型藻类的细胞。需要进一步的研究来了解声产生的和微波诱导的修饰对大型藻类的综合影响，这将使我们能够将提取力调整为针对特定分子。
