Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
Laboratory of Animal Genomics and Improvement, United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service (USDA-ARS), Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Mar 20;21(6):2149. doi: 10.3390/ijms21062149.
Astaxanthin -octanoic acid diester (AOD) is a type of astaxanthin connecting medium-chain fatty acids with a more stable structure. In this study, we examined the role of AOD in ameliorating insulin resistance (IR) induced by a high-fat and high-sucrose diet (HFD) as well as its effect on modulating gut microbiota in mice, with free astaxanthin (AST) as a comparison. Four groups of male C57BL/6J mice (6 weeks old; = 10 per group) were fed with a normal control diet (NC), HFD orally administered with AOD, AST (50 mg/kg body weight), or vehicle for 8 weeks. AOD improved glucose tolerance, IR, systematic and intestinal inflammation, and intestinal integrity better than AST. Further, both AOD and AST modulated gut microbiota. A significantly higher abundance of and was found in AOD than in AST, and the predicted pathway of carbohydrate metabolism was significantly impacted by AOD. Overall, AOD may play a role in alleviating IR and inflammation with the modulating effect on microbiota in HFD-fed mice. Our findings could facilitate the development of AOD as a bioactive nutraceutical and more stable alternative to AST.
虾青素辛二酸酯（AOD）是一种将中链脂肪酸与更稳定结构连接起来的虾青素。在这项研究中，我们研究了 AOD 在改善高脂肪和高蔗糖饮食（HFD）诱导的胰岛素抵抗（IR）中的作用，以及其对调节小鼠肠道微生物群的影响，并将游离虾青素（AST）作为比较。将四组雄性 C57BL/6J 小鼠（6 周龄；每组 n = 10）分别用正常对照饮食（NC）、HFD 灌胃 AOD、AST（50mg/kg 体重）或载体喂养 8 周。AOD 比 AST 更能改善葡萄糖耐量、IR、全身和肠道炎症以及肠道完整性。此外，AOD 和 AST 均能调节肠道微生物群。与 AST 相比，AOD 中 和 的丰度明显更高，碳水化合物代谢的预测途径也明显受到 AOD 的影响。总之，AOD 可能通过调节 HFD 喂养小鼠的微生物群在缓解 IR 和炎症中发挥作用。我们的发现可以促进 AOD 作为一种具有生物活性的营养保健品的开发，以及作为 AST 的更稳定替代品。
