Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona.
Psicothema. 2020 May;32(2):204-213. doi: 10.7334/psicothema2019.296.
In recent years, the broad spectrum of weight-related problems has increased considerably among both teenage boys and girls. This makes it fundamental to create programs that are more efficient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the short-, mid- and long-term efficacy of the current prevention program applied to 14-year-old teenagers.
For this study, 73 girls and 83 boys were assigned to an experimental condition (n=156), while 68 girls and 84 boys were assigned to a control condition (n=152). We used a mixed 2 (control and experimental condition) x 3 (Time: post-test, 6 month-follow-up and 12- month-follow-up) factorial design.
Those participants who belonged to the experimental condition exhibited significantly higher scores of body satisfaction, self-esteem, emotional repair and clarity, lower scores of self-oriented perfectionism, and internalization of thinness and ideal muscularity compared to the control group in post-intervention assessments and in both follow-ups. No statistically significant gender differences were found regarding the effectiveness of the program.
Universal, ecological programs may be effective in reducing risk factors and/or maximizing protective factors, which could in turn reduce concerns about body image, eating and weight.
近年来，青少年男孩和女孩的体重相关问题范围都有了相当大的增加。这使得创建更有效的项目变得至关重要。本研究的目的是评估当前应用于 14 岁青少年的预防计划的短期、中期和长期效果。
在这项研究中，73 名女孩和 83 名男孩被分配到实验组（n=156），而 68 名女孩和 84 名男孩被分配到对照组（n=152）。我们使用了混合 2（对照和实验组）x 3（时间：后测、6 个月随访和 12 个月随访）的因子设计。
与对照组相比，实验组的参与者在干预后评估和两次随访中，身体满意度、自尊、情绪修复和清晰度的得分显著更高，自我导向完美主义、消瘦和理想肌肉内化的得分显著更低。该计划的效果在性别方面没有显著差异。
普遍的、生态的项目可能在减少风险因素和/或最大化保护因素方面有效，这反过来又可以减少对身体形象、饮食和体重的担忧。
