Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China.
J Med Virol. 2020 Sep;92(9):1596-1602. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25835. Epub 2020 Apr 17.
Acute respiratory disease caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has rapidly spread throughout China. Children and adults show a different clinical course. The purpose of the current study is to comparatively analyze the clinical characteristics of 2019-nCoV infection in children and adults and to explore the possible causes for the discrepancies present. The medical records of 25 adults and 7 children confirmed cases of 2019-2019-nCoV acute respiratory diseases were reviewed retrospectively. All children were family clusters. The total adult patients were differentiated into the local residents of Wuhan, a history of travel to Wuhan and direct contact with people from Wuhan. The numbers were 14 (56%), 10 (40%), and 1 (4%), respectively. The median incubation period of children and adults was 5 days (ranged, 3-12 days) and 4 days (ranged, 2-12 days), respectively. Diarrhoea and/or vomiting (57.1%) were demic by World Health Organiza more common in children, whereas for adults it was myalgia or fatigue (52%). On admission, the percentage of children having pneumonia (5%, 71.4%) was roughly the same as adults (20%, 80%). A total of 20% of adults had leucopoenia, but leukocytosis was more frequently in children (28.6%, P=.014). A higher number of children had elevated creatine kinase isoenzyme (57.1% vs 4%, P=.004). Antiviral therapy was given to all adult patients but to none of the children. In summary, knowledge of these differences between children and adults will not only be helpful for the clinical diagnosis of 2019-nCoV disease, but also for a future discussion on age-specific coronavirus infection.
由 2019 年新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）引起的急性呼吸道疾病在中国迅速蔓延。儿童和成人的临床表现不同。本研究旨在比较分析儿童和成人 2019-nCoV 感染的临床特征，并探讨可能存在的差异原因。回顾性分析 25 例成人和 7 例儿童确诊为 2019-nCoV 急性呼吸道疾病的患者的病历。所有儿童均为家庭聚集性发病。将成人患者分为武汉本地居民、有武汉旅行史和直接接触武汉人员，分别为 14 例（56%）、10 例（40%）和 1 例（4%）。儿童和成人的中位潜伏期分别为 5 天（范围 3-12 天）和 4 天（范围 2-12 天）。腹泻和/或呕吐（57.1%）在儿童中更为常见，而在成人中则为肌痛或乏力（52%）。入院时，儿童肺炎（5%，71.4%）的比例与成人（20%，80%）大致相同。共有 20%的成人出现白细胞减少症，但儿童白细胞增多更为常见（28.6%，P=.014）。儿童肌酸激酶同工酶升高的比例更高（57.1%比 4%，P=.004）。所有成人患者均接受抗病毒治疗，但儿童无一例接受。综上所述，了解儿童和成人之间的这些差异不仅有助于 2019-nCoV 疾病的临床诊断，还有助于未来讨论针对特定年龄的冠状病毒感染。
