细胞的非线性弹性和非弹性特性。
Nonlinear Elastic and Inelastic Properties of Cells.
机构信息
Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S. Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, 440 Escondido Mall, Stanford, CA 94305.
出版信息
J Biomech Eng. 2020 Oct 1;142(10). doi: 10.1115/1.4046863.
Mechanical forces play an important role in various physiological processes, such as morphogenesis, cytokinesis, and migration. Thus, in order to illuminate mechanisms underlying these physiological processes, it is crucial to understand how cells deform and respond to external mechanical stimuli. During recent decades, the mechanical properties of cells have been studied extensively using diverse measurement techniques. A number of experimental studies have shown that cells are far from linear elastic materials. Cells exhibit a wide variety of nonlinear elastic and inelastic properties. Such complicated properties of cells are known to emerge from unique mechanical characteristics of cellular components. In this review, we introduce major cellular components that largely govern cell mechanical properties and provide brief explanations of several experimental techniques used for rheological measurements of cell mechanics. Then, we discuss the representative nonlinear elastic and inelastic properties of cells. Finally, continuum and discrete computational models of cell mechanics, which model both nonlinear elastic and inelastic properties of cells, will be described.
力学在各种生理过程中发挥着重要作用，例如形态发生、胞质分裂和迁移。因此，为了阐明这些生理过程的机制，了解细胞如何变形以及对外部力学刺激做出响应至关重要。在最近几十年中，人们使用各种测量技术广泛研究了细胞的力学性质。许多实验研究表明，细胞远非线性弹性材料。细胞表现出多种多样的非线性弹性和非弹性性质。这些细胞的复杂性质源于细胞成分的独特力学特性。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了主要的细胞成分，这些成分在很大程度上决定了细胞的力学特性，并简要介绍了用于细胞力学流变学测量的几种实验技术。然后，我们讨论了细胞的代表性非线性弹性和非弹性性质。最后，将描述细胞力学的连续体和离散计算模型，这些模型可以模拟细胞的非线性弹性和非弹性性质。
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