Kim Kibyeong, Choi Jae-Hoon
Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Research Institute of Natural Sciences Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Lab Anim Res. 2019 Nov 6;35:22. doi: 10.1186/s42826-019-0021-1. eCollection 2019.
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathological state with sustained elevation of pulmonary artery (PA) pressure. Since the pathogenesis of PH is mostly irreversible, the disease often comes up with poor prognosis. Pulmonary arterioles are affected by deteriorative changes, such as development of occlusive lesions of thickening of arterial walls. Such processes increase the pulmonary arterial pressure thus lead to consequent injuries such as right ventricle failure. Proliferation, or resistance to apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) and fibroblasts, are characteristic changes observed in the PA in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients. PAH can either occur idiopathically or come with other diseases. Emerging evidences suggest that pro-inflammatory processes are closely related to the development of PAH. Therefore, it is inferred that immune cells could be the key factors in PAH development. In this review, we summarize the way how each types of immune cells participate in PAH. We would also like to list the current rodent models used for PAH study.
肺动脉高压（PH）是一种肺动脉（PA）压力持续升高的病理状态。由于PH的发病机制大多不可逆，该疾病往往预后不良。肺小动脉受到退行性变化的影响，如动脉壁增厚的闭塞性病变的发展。这些过程会增加肺动脉压力，从而导致诸如右心室衰竭等后续损伤。肺动脉平滑肌细胞（PASMC）和成纤维细胞的增殖或对凋亡的抵抗，是肺动脉高压（PAH）患者肺动脉中观察到的特征性变化。PAH可自发发生或与其他疾病相关。新出现的证据表明，促炎过程与PAH的发展密切相关。因此，推断免疫细胞可能是PAH发展的关键因素。在本综述中，我们总结了每种类型的免疫细胞参与PAH的方式。我们还将列出目前用于PAH研究的啮齿动物模型。
