Bernal Romero Teresita, Melendro Miguel, Charry Claudia
Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Santo Tomás, Bogotá, Colombia.
Faculty of Education, UNED, Madrid, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2020 Mar 20;11:457. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00457. eCollection 2020.
Given that autonomy is a fundamental process in the transition to adulthood, there are several scales that measure the concept as a main construct or a constituent feature of broader constructs. However, most of these scales are based on a notion of autonomy focused on the individual, while the proposed scale aims to incorporate the idea of the individual mediated by others and society. This article aims to show the results of the design and validation process of the Transition to Adulthood Autonomy Scale (EDATVA), which was developed using this approach. A group of 61 items with a Likert-type response scale of four options was used on a sample of 1,148 Spanish and Colombian individuals, aged between 16 and 21. A systematic process was performed using an exploratory factorial analysis. Additional indexes were calculated from the Rasch Model. The matrices obtained from the factorial analysis gave rise to a 4-factor structure comprising a total of 19 items with weights >0.3. In the case of Spain, the KMO test returned a value of 0.80 and in the case of Colombia, 0.83. In the Rasch model, the Item Separation Reliability (0.99) indicates that the items constitute a well-defined variable that meets the local independence assumption. Cronbach's alpha for the Spanish sample was 0.86 and for the Colombian sample 0.85. In conclusion, this new scale consists of four dimensions: self-organization, understanding context, critical thinking, and socio-political engagement. The scale is easy to use and interpret, especially considering the age range of the target population and its possible uses within the contexts of assessing and intervening in young people's behavior. Due to its characteristics, it can be used in family, educational, and social contexts. This scale is valuable for research because its optimal psychometric properties provide an alternative way of understanding autonomy.
鉴于自主性是向成年期过渡的一个基本过程，有若干量表将这一概念作为主要结构或更广泛结构的构成特征来进行测量。然而，这些量表大多基于以个体为中心的自主性概念，而本文提出的量表旨在纳入由他人和社会介导的个体概念。本文旨在展示成年期过渡自主性量表（EDATVA）的设计和验证过程的结果，该量表就是采用这种方法开发的。在1148名年龄在16至21岁之间的西班牙和哥伦比亚个体样本上使用了一组61个项目，采用四选项李克特式反应量表。使用探索性因子分析进行了系统的过程。从拉施模型计算了额外的指标。因子分析得到的矩阵产生了一个由4个因子组成的结构，总共包含19个权重>0.3的项目。在西班牙的案例中，KMO检验值为0.80，在哥伦比亚的案例中为0.83。在拉施模型中，项目分离信度（0.99）表明这些项目构成了一个定义明确的变量，满足局部独立性假设。西班牙样本的克朗巴哈α系数为0.86，哥伦比亚样本为0.85。总之，这个新量表由四个维度组成：自我组织、理解背景、批判性思维和社会政治参与。该量表易于使用和解释，特别是考虑到目标人群的年龄范围及其在评估和干预年轻人行为的背景下的可能用途。由于其特点，它可用于家庭、教育和社会背景。该量表对研究很有价值，因为其最佳的心理测量特性提供了一种理解自主性的替代方法。
