García-Castilla Francisco Javier, Sánchez Isabel Martínez, Campos Gema, Arroyo Resino Delia
Faculty of Law, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain.
Faculty of Education, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2020 Jul 29;11:1735. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01735. eCollection 2020.
This study uses scales of autonomy and psychological wellbeing to determine whether young people's gender and romantic relationship status give rise to differences in relation to a series of specific dimensions. To this end, we used Ryff's Model of Psychological Wellbeing, which comprises several dimensions: self-acceptance, positive relations with others, autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, and purpose in life; and our own Transition to Adulthood Autonomy Scale (EDATVA), whose dimensions are: self-organization, understanding context, critical thinking, and socio-political engagement. As a result, a quantitative study was performed with 1,148 young people aged 16-21 from Madrid, Spain and Bogotá, Colombia, of whom 60.2% were female and 39.8% were male. The findings show that in the gender variable there are differences between males and females in the dimensions of positive relations with others, personal growth (wellbeing questionnaire), and understanding context (autonomy questionnaire); the female sample obtained the highest scores. In the relationship variable, differences were found in environmental mastery and purpose in life; higher scores were obtained by young people in a romantic relationship. However, no differences were found in the different dimensions in the autonomy questionnaire between young people in a relationship and those not.
本研究使用自主性和心理健康量表来确定年轻人的性别和恋爱关系状态是否会在一系列特定维度上产生差异。为此，我们采用了赖夫的心理健康模型，该模型包括几个维度：自我接受、与他人的积极关系、自主性、环境掌控、个人成长和生活目标；以及我们自己的成年期自主性过渡量表（EDATVA），其维度包括：自我组织、理解情境、批判性思维和社会政治参与。结果，我们对来自西班牙马德里和哥伦比亚波哥大的1148名16至21岁的年轻人进行了一项定量研究，其中60.2%为女性，39.8%为男性。研究结果表明，在性别变量方面，男性和女性在与他人的积极关系、个人成长（幸福感问卷）和理解情境（自主性问卷）维度上存在差异；女性样本得分最高。在恋爱关系变量方面，在环境掌控和生活目标方面发现了差异；处于恋爱关系中的年轻人得分更高。然而，在自主性问卷的不同维度上，处于恋爱关系的年轻人和未恋爱的年轻人之间未发现差异。
