Korn Paula, Ahlfeld Tilman, Lahmeyer Franziska, Kilian David, Sembdner Philipp, Stelzer Ralph, Pradel Winnie, Franke Adrian, Rauner Martina, Range Ursula, Stadlinger Bernd, Lode Anja, Lauer Günter, Gelinsky Michael
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital "Carl Gustav Carus", Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2020 Mar 25;8:217. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00217. eCollection 2020.
One of the most common hereditary craniofacial anomalies in humans are cleft lip and cleft alveolar bone with or without cleft palate. Current clinical practice, the augmentation of the persisting alveolar bone defect by using autologous bone grafts, has considerable disadvantages motivating to an intensive search for alternatives. We developed a novel therapy concept based on 3D printing of biodegradable calcium phosphate-based materials and integration of osteogenic cells allowing fabrication of patient-specific, tissue-engineered bone grafts. Objective of the present study was the evaluation of implants in a rat alveolar cleft model. Scaffolds were designed according to the defect's geometry with two different pore designs (60° and 30° rotated layer orientation) and produced by extrusion-based 3D plotting of a pasty calcium phosphate cement. The scaffolds filled into the artificial bone defect in the palate of adult Lewis rats, showing a good support. Half of the scaffolds were colonized with rat mesenchymal stromal cells (rMSC) prior to implantation. After 6 and 12 weeks, remaining defect width and bone formation were quantified histologically and by microCT. The results revealed excellent osteoconductive properties of the scaffolds, a significant influence of the pore geometry (60° > 30°), but no enhanced defect healing by pre-colonization with rMSC.
人类最常见的遗传性颅面畸形之一是唇裂和牙槽骨裂，伴或不伴腭裂。在目前的临床实践中，使用自体骨移植来增加持续存在的牙槽骨缺损有相当多的缺点，这促使人们积极寻找替代方法。我们基于可生物降解的磷酸钙基材料的3D打印和整合成骨细胞，开发了一种新的治疗概念，从而能够制造针对患者的组织工程骨移植体。本研究的目的是在大鼠牙槽裂模型中评估植入物。根据缺损的几何形状设计支架，采用两种不同的孔隙设计（60°和30°旋转层取向），并通过糊状磷酸钙水泥的挤出式3D绘图制作而成。将支架填充到成年Lewis大鼠腭部的人工骨缺损处，显示出良好的支撑效果。一半的支架在植入前接种了大鼠间充质基质细胞（rMSC）。6周和12周后，通过组织学和微型计算机断层扫描（microCT）对剩余缺损宽度和骨形成进行量化。结果显示支架具有优异的骨传导性能，孔隙几何形状有显著影响（60°>30°），但预先接种rMSC并没有增强缺损愈合。
