Prog Community Health Partnersh. 2020;14(1):117-127. doi: 10.1353/cpr.2020.0014.
Stakeholder-engaged research is an umbrella term for the types of research that have community, patient, and/or stakeholder engagement, feedback, and bidirectional communication as approaches used in the research process. The level of stakeholder engagement across studies can vary greatly, from minimal engagement to fully collaborative partnerships.
To present the process of reaching consensus among stakeholder and academic experts on the stakeholder engagement principles (EPs) and to identify definitions for each principle.
We convened 19 national experts, 18 of whom remained engaged in a five-round Delphi process. The Delphi panel consisted of a broad range of stakeholders (e.g., patients, caregivers, advocacy groups, clinicians, researchers). We used web-based surveys for most rounds (1-3 and 5) and an in-person meeting for round 4. Panelists evaluated EP titles and definitions with a goal of reaching consensus (>80% agreement). Panelists' comments guided modifications, with greater weight given to non-academic stakeholder input.
EP titles and definitions were modified over five Delphi rounds. The panel reached consensus on eight EPs (dropping four, modifying four, and adding one) and corresponding definitions. The Delphi process allowed for a stakeholder-engaged approach to methodological research. Stakeholder engagement in research is time consuming and requires greater effort but may yield a better, more relevant outcome than more traditional scientist-only processes. This stakeholder-engaged process of reaching consensus on EPs and definitions provides a key initial step for the content validation of a survey tool to examine the level of stakeholder engagement in research studies.
利益相关者参与的研究是一个总称，指的是在研究过程中采用社区、患者和/或利益相关者参与、反馈和双向沟通等方法的研究类型。研究中利益相关者的参与程度差异很大，从最低限度的参与到完全合作的伙伴关系。
介绍在利益相关者和学术专家之间就利益相关者参与原则（EPs）达成共识的过程，并确定每个原则的定义。
我们召集了 19 名国家专家，其中 18 名专家继续参与了五轮德尔菲法过程。德尔菲小组由广泛的利益相关者（例如患者、护理人员、倡导团体、临床医生、研究人员）组成。我们在前四轮（1-3 轮和 5 轮）使用基于网络的调查，在第四轮使用现场会议。小组成员用目标是达成共识（>80%的同意）来评估 EP 标题和定义。小组成员的意见指导了修改，非学术利益相关者的意见权重更大。
经过五轮德尔菲法，EP 标题和定义得到了修改。小组就八项 EPs（放弃四项、修改四项、增加一项）和相应的定义达成了共识。德尔菲法允许采用利益相关者参与的方法进行方法学研究。利益相关者参与研究需要花费更多的时间和精力，但可能会产生比传统的科学家主导过程更好、更相关的结果。这种就 EPs 和定义达成共识的利益相关者参与过程为研究中利益相关者参与度调查工具的内容验证提供了关键的初始步骤。
