Gharraee Banafsheh, Zahedi Tajrishi Komeil, Sheybani Farshad, Tahmasbi Najmeh, Mirzaei Mohsen, Farahani Hojjatollah, Naserbakht Morteza
Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry- School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Psychology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2019 Dec 25;33:151. doi: 10.34171/mjiri.33.151. eCollection 2019.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most common psychological disorder and affects many people worldwide. Surveying the prevalence of mental disorders, especially general disorders, such as major depressive disorder, is highly important for health professionals and policymakers. Due to a wide variation of studies concerning the prevalence of major depressive disorder in Iran, the present study was conducted to integrate such results. To conduct this study, English (PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Web of Science) and Persian (MHRN, Noormgs, Magiran, Iran-Medex, Irandoc, and SID) databases, from 1990 to 2018, were explored. All articles related to the point prevalence of depressive disorders in the general population of Iran were reviewed. The inclusion criteria of the present study were as follow: cross sectional studies based on general populations; the expression of the point prevalence rate and incidence of major depressive disorder for people over 15 years; and the use of a structured or semi-structured clinical interview for diagnosis of the disorder. Studies that were not original (such as review studies) and those that did not represent general populations were excluded from the study. To analyze the data obtained from this study, the second version of Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software was used. The total point prevalence was calculated using the meta-analysis method, and the I2 index was used to measure the heterogeneity of the studies. Of 6734 studies, 30 studies with a total sample size of 37 867 were finally included based on proposed inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample included 20641 women (55%), and 17 226 (45%) men. In the present meta-analysis study, due to significant heterogeneity (I=97.1%, p=0.001) among studies, the randomized method was used, and the total point prevalence was 4.1% (CI: 3.1% 5.5%). The overall point prevalence of major depressive disorder was 4.8% (CI: 3.6% -5.6%) in women and 2.3% (CI: 1.6% -3.6%)in men, which indicated that the incidence of this disorder was 1.95 times more in women than in men. This meta-analysis study found a considerable prevalence of major depressive disorder among Iranian participants and revealed that the point prevalence of the disease was more than two-fold in women compared to men. Considering these findings and the high burden of this disorder for communities, the need to formulate and implement prevention and treatment programs is highly required.
重度抑郁症（MDD）是最常见的心理障碍，影响着全球众多人群。调查精神障碍尤其是一般性障碍如重度抑郁症的患病率，对健康专业人员和政策制定者而言至关重要。由于伊朗关于重度抑郁症患病率的研究差异很大，本研究旨在整合这些结果。为开展本研究，检索了1990年至2018年期间的英文数据库（PubMed/Medline、Scopus和Web of Science）以及波斯文数据库（MHRN、Noormgs、Magiran、Iran - Medex、Irandoc和SID）。对所有与伊朗普通人群中抑郁症点患病率相关的文章进行了综述。本研究的纳入标准如下：基于普通人群的横断面研究；15岁以上人群中重度抑郁症点患病率和发病率的表述；以及使用结构化或半结构化临床访谈来诊断该障碍。非原创性研究（如综述研究）以及不代表普通人群的研究被排除在本研究之外。为分析本研究获得的数据，使用了综合荟萃分析（CMA）软件的第二版。采用荟萃分析方法计算总点患病率，并使用I²指数来衡量研究的异质性。在6734项研究中，最终根据拟定的纳入和排除标准纳入了30项研究，总样本量为37867。样本包括20641名女性（55%）和17226名男性（45%）。在本荟萃分析研究中，由于各研究之间存在显著异质性（I = 97.1%，p = 0.001），采用了随机方法，总点患病率为4.1%（置信区间：3.1% - 5.5%）。重度抑郁症的总体点患病率在女性中为4.8%（置信区间：3.6% - 5.6%），在男性中为2.3%（置信区间：1.6% - 3.6%），这表明该障碍在女性中的发病率是男性的1.95倍。这项荟萃分析研究发现伊朗参与者中重度抑郁症的患病率相当高，且该疾病的点患病率在女性中是男性的两倍多。考虑到这些发现以及该障碍给社区带来的沉重负担，制定和实施预防及治疗方案的需求极为迫切。
