White Joshua
Virginia Commonwealth University Health Systems, Richmond, Virginia.
Clin Microbiol Newsl. 2014 Aug 1;36(15):115-122. doi: 10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2014.07.002. Epub 2014 Jul 25.
First reported in September 2012, the Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has resulted in 206 laboratory-confirmed deaths, with a 42% mortality rate as of 27 March 2014. Closely related coronaviruses have been isolated in bats, but most evidence suggests that humans have become infected directly from camels in a number of separate transmission events, with limited human-to-human transmission reported thus far. The majority of cases originated in the Middle East (predominantly Saudi Arabia), including all the index cases. Clinical manifestations primarily involve fever, chills, and rapidly progressive respiratory failure, often resulting in an acute respiratory distress syndrome, with a minority of patients reporting gastrointestinal symptoms, as well. The majority of critically ill patients are older males with medical co-morbidities, and a large number of minimally symptomatic cases likely go undetected. Unfortunately, attempted therapies have all been unsuccessful thus far, and treatment remains supportive care.
中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）于2012年9月首次报告，截至2014年3月27日已导致206例实验室确诊死亡病例，死亡率达42%。在蝙蝠中已分离出与之密切相关的冠状病毒，但大多数证据表明，人类是在多次独立传播事件中直接从骆驼感染的，目前报告的人传人情况有限。大多数病例起源于中东地区（主要是沙特阿拉伯），包括所有首例病例。临床表现主要包括发热、寒战和迅速进展的呼吸衰竭，常导致急性呼吸窘迫综合征，少数患者也有胃肠道症状。大多数重症患者为有基础疾病的老年男性，大量症状轻微的病例可能未被发现。不幸的是，迄今为止所有尝试的治疗方法均未成功，治疗仍以支持性护理为主。
