Zhang Maoxin, Liu Hongyun, Zhang Yunyun
Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Centre for Educational Measurement, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Front Psychol. 2020 Mar 30;11:658. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00658. eCollection 2020.
Aggressive adolescents are preferable in some Western cultures, whereas Confucianism places great emphasis on the inhibition of aggressive behaviors in Chinese culture. Using the longitudinal social network analysis, we used a sample of 1354 Chinese adolescents (54% boys, ages 12-15) who were followed over 1 year at three time points to examine the association between friendship dynamics and physical, verbal, and indirect aggression and the moderating role of gender. This study found the following: (1) Students who were verbally aggressive were regarded as attractive, whereas those who were indirectly aggressive were unattractive as friends; (2) adolescents selected peers with similar levels of aggression as friends; (3) adolescents were influenced by their friends' aggressive behaviors; and (4) girls were more susceptible than boys to the influence of physical aggression, although gender did not moderate the influence process of verbal and indirect aggression. The findings of this study provided a clearer insight into the selection and influence processes of the three subtypes of aggression and contributed to the diversity of samples. Chinese educators should pay more attention to both verbal aggression because of youths' preference for it and to girls with physically aggressive friends since they are more susceptible than boys.
在一些西方文化中，有攻击性的青少年更受青睐，而儒家思想非常强调在中国文化中抑制攻击性行为。我们采用纵向社会网络分析方法，对1354名中国青少年（54%为男孩，年龄在12至15岁之间）进行了研究，在三个时间点对他们进行了为期1年的跟踪，以检验友谊动态与身体攻击、言语攻击和间接攻击之间的关联以及性别的调节作用。本研究发现如下：（1）言语攻击性强的学生被认为有吸引力，而间接攻击性强的学生作为朋友则没有吸引力；（2）青少年选择与自己攻击水平相似的同龄人作为朋友；（3）青少年会受到朋友攻击行为的影响；（4）女孩比男孩更容易受到身体攻击的影响，尽管性别并未调节言语攻击和间接攻击的影响过程。本研究的结果为三种攻击亚型的选择和影响过程提供了更清晰的见解，并丰富了样本的多样性。中国教育工作者应更多地关注言语攻击，因为青少年对此有偏好，同时也要关注那些有身体攻击型朋友的女孩，因为她们比男孩更容易受到影响。
