School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
Food Research Center (FoRC), University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
Nutrients. 2020 Apr 13;12(4):1081. doi: 10.3390/nu12041081.
Maternal bacteria are shared with infants via breastfeeding. Prebiotics modulate the gut microbiota, promoting health benefits. We investigated whether the maternal diet supplementation with a prebiotic (fructooligosaccharides, FOS) could influence the milk microbiota. Twenty-eight lactating women received 4.5 g of fructooligosaccharides + 2 g of maltodextrin (FOS group) and twenty-five received 2 g of maltodextrin (placebo group) for 20 days. Breast-milk samples were taken before and after the intervention. The DNA from samples was used for 16S rRNA sequencing. No statistical differences between the groups were found for the bacterial genera after the intervention. However, the distances of the trajectories covered by paired samples from the beginning to the end of the supplementation were higher for the FOS group ( = 0.0007) indicating greater changes in milk microbiota compared to the control group. Linear regression models suggested that the maternal age influenced the response for FOS supplementation ( = 0.02). Interestingly, the pattern of changes to genus abundance upon supplementation was not shared between mothers. We demonstrated that manipulating the human milk microbiota through prebiotics is possible, and the maternal age can affect this response. .
母乳中的细菌通过母乳喂养与婴儿共享。益生元可调节肠道微生物群，促进健康益处。我们研究了母体饮食中添加益生元（低聚果糖，FOS）是否会影响母乳微生物群。28 名哺乳期妇女接受 4.5 克低聚果糖+2 克麦芽糊精（FOS 组），25 名接受 2 克麦芽糊精（安慰剂组）20 天。在干预前后采集母乳样本。使用样品中的 DNA 进行 16S rRNA 测序。干预后，两组细菌属之间没有统计学差异。然而，FOS 组配对样本从开始到补充结束所覆盖的轨迹距离更高（=0.0007），这表明与对照组相比，母乳微生物群发生了更大的变化。线性回归模型表明，母亲年龄会影响 FOS 补充的反应（=0.02）。有趣的是，补充后属丰度变化的模式在母亲之间并不相同。我们证明了通过益生元来操纵人乳微生物群是可能的，并且母亲年龄会影响这种反应。
