Tesema Dereje Gemeda, Gobena Teshome, Ayalew Almaz
Mettu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mettu, Ethiopia.
Jimma University, Institute of Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Int J Gen Med. 2020 Apr 8;13:111-119. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S249683. eCollection 2020.
The presence of widespread lung microvascular circulation and abundant connective tissue with a large reserve raises the possibility that the lung may be a target organ of the pathologic processes induced by type 2 diabetes. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are noninvasive medical tests that show how well the lungs are working.
The aim was to compare pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and their associated factors among type 2 diabetic patients and non-diabetics at Jimma Medical Center (JMC).
A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at JMC, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia among 298 study participants from April 1 to May 30, 2019. A face-to-face interview with semi-structured questionnaire was conducted. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV), ratio of FEV/FVC, peak expiratory flow (PEF), and forced expiratory flow (FEF) were recorded by using a digital Spirometer. Independent samples -test, simple and multiple linear regression analysis were used.
The present study indicated that means of the PFTs among type 2 diabetics were significantly reduced when compared to their matched non-diabetics (FVC (%) (m=73.7±13.8 vs m=93.8±12.3), FEV (%) (m=76.4±13.4 vs m=93.3±12.4), FEV/FVC (%) (m=78.99±11.4 vs m=96.6±9.33), PEF (L/s) (m=3.91±0.28 vs m=5.03±0.35), and FEF (L/s) (m=2.89±0.75 vs m=3.39±0.82)). This study also indicated that body mass index (BMI) (β=-1.93, <0.001) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) (β=-0.22, <0.001) were negative predictors of FVC%. BMI (β=-1.93, <0.001) and FBS (β=-0.29, <0.001) were negative predictors of FEV1%. BMI (β=-1.403, <0.001) was a negative predictor of mean FEV/FVC. BMI (β=-1.39 <0.001) and FBS (β=-0.15, <0.001) were negative predictors of mean PEF (L/s). BMI (β=-0.075, <0.001) and FBS (β=-0.075, <0.001) were negative predictors of FEF (L/s).
The present study showed that there were significantly reduced mean scores of FVC, FEV, FEV/FVC, PEF, and FEF among type 2 diabetic patients as compared to non-diabetic participants. The FBS and BMI were independent risk factors of the PFTs among the diabetics, unlike among non-diabetic participants.
广泛存在的肺微血管循环以及大量储备的丰富结缔组织表明，肺可能是2型糖尿病引发的病理过程的靶器官。肺功能测试（PFTs）是一种无创医学检查，可显示肺的工作状况。
旨在比较吉姆马医疗中心（JMC）2型糖尿病患者与非糖尿病患者的肺功能测试（PFTs）及其相关因素。
2019年4月1日至5月30日，在埃塞俄比亚西南部吉姆马的JMC对298名研究参与者进行了一项比较性横断面研究。采用半结构化问卷进行面对面访谈。使用数字肺活量计记录用力肺活量（FVC）、一秒用力呼气容积（FEV）、FEV/FVC比值、呼气峰值流速（PEF）和用力呼气流量（FEF）。采用独立样本t检验、简单和多元线性回归分析。
本研究表明，与匹配的非糖尿病患者相比，2型糖尿病患者的肺功能测试均值显著降低（FVC（%）（均值=73.7±13.8对均值=93.8±12.3），FEV（%）（均值=76.4±13.4对均值=93.3±12.4），FEV/FVC（%）（均值=78.99±11.4对均值=96.6±9.33），PEF（L/s）（均值=3.91±0.28对均值=5.03±0.35），以及FEF（L/s）（均值=2.89±0.75对均值=3.39±0.82））。本研究还表明，体重指数（BMI）（β=-1.93，P<0.001）和空腹血糖（FBS）（β=-0.22，P<0.001）是FVC%的负预测因子。BMI（β=-1.93，P<0.001）和FBS（β=-0.29，P<0.001）是FEV1%的负预测因子。BMI（β=-1.403，P<0.001）是平均FEV/FVC的负预测因子。BMI（β=-1.39，P<0.001）和FBS（β=-0.15，P<0.001）是平均PEF（L/s）的负预测因子。BMI（β=-0.075，P<0.001）和FBS（β=-0.075，P<0.001）是FEF（L/s）的负预测因子。
本研究表明，与非糖尿病参与者相比，2型糖尿病患者的FVC、FEV、FEV/FVC、PEF和FEF的平均得分显著降低。与非糖尿病参与者不同，FBS和BMI是糖尿病患者肺功能测试的独立危险因素。
