Kytidou Kassiani, Artola Marta, Overkleeft Herman S, Aerts Johannes M F G
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.
Department of Bio-organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.
Front Plant Sci. 2020 Apr 7;11:357. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00357. eCollection 2020.
Plants contain numerous glycoconjugates that are metabolized by specific glucosyltransferases and hydrolyzed by specific glycosidases, some also catalyzing synthetic transglycosylation reactions. The documented value of plant-derived glycoconjugates to beneficially modulate metabolism is first addressed. Next, focus is given to glycosidases, the central theme of the review. The therapeutic value of plant glycosidases is discussed as well as the present production in plant platforms of therapeutic human glycosidases used in enzyme replacement therapies. The increasing knowledge on glycosidases, including structure and catalytic mechanism, is described. The novel insights have allowed the design of functionalized highly specific suicide inhibitors of glycosidases. These so-called activity-based probes allow unprecedented visualization of glycosidases cross-species. Here, special attention is paid on the use of such probes in plant science that promote the discovery of novel enzymes and the identification of potential therapeutic inhibitors and chaperones.
植物含有大量糖缀合物，这些糖缀合物由特定的葡糖基转移酶代谢，并由特定的糖苷酶水解，有些糖苷酶还催化合成转糖基化反应。首先讨论了植物来源的糖缀合物对有益调节代谢的已记录价值。接下来，重点关注糖苷酶，这是综述的核心主题。讨论了植物糖苷酶的治疗价值以及目前在植物平台上生产用于酶替代疗法的治疗性人糖苷酶的情况。描述了对糖苷酶的认识不断增加，包括其结构和催化机制。这些新见解使得能够设计出功能化的高度特异性糖苷酶自杀抑制剂。这些所谓的基于活性的探针使跨物种糖苷酶的可视化达到了前所未有的程度。在此，特别关注此类探针在植物科学中的应用，其有助于发现新型酶以及鉴定潜在的治疗性抑制剂和伴侣蛋白。
