Eiman Matthew N, Pomeroy Julia Mary Louise, Weinstein Ali A
George Mason University, Center for the Study of Chronic Illness and Disability - Fairfax - Virginia - United States.
Sleep Sci. 2019 Oct-Dec;12(4):257-264. doi: 10.5935/1984-0063.20190090.
Sleep duration is an important predictor of cardiovascular health outcomes, but the role of sleep efficiency is less clear. This study investigated actigraphy-assessed sleep efficiency and sleep duration and their relationship with responses to mental and physical challenge tasks.
To record sleep, actigraph devices were worn on the wrist continuously by 25 participants (age: 33.9±6.9, 60% female) for the duration of a seven-day period. Movement data were used to estimate sleep duration and efficiency. Mental (Stroop test) and physical (cold pressor) challenges were used to assess reactivity to and recovery from stress. During these tasks, heart rate, blood pressure, and emotional states were measured.
Significant findings from the mental challenge included a negative correlation between sleep efficiency and reaction time. There were no significant relationships between sleep efficiency and cardiovascular measures during the mental challenge, but sleep duration was related to cardiovascular reactivity. For the physical challenge, sleep efficiency was positively and significantly correlated with blood pressure recovery and sleep duration was not related to any outcome measures.
Previous literature has focused on sleep duration when assessing sleep and cardiovascular outcomes. However, sleep efficiency may be equally or more important when investigating reactivity to and recovery from stress.
睡眠时间是心血管健康结果的重要预测指标，但睡眠效率的作用尚不清楚。本研究调查了通过活动记录仪评估的睡眠效率和睡眠时间，以及它们与对心理和身体挑战任务的反应之间的关系。
25名参与者（年龄：33.9±6.9岁，60%为女性）连续7天佩戴手腕活动记录仪以记录睡眠情况。利用活动数据估算睡眠时间和效率。采用心理挑战（斯特鲁普测验）和身体挑战（冷加压试验）来评估对应激的反应性和应激恢复情况。在这些任务期间，测量心率、血压和情绪状态。
心理挑战的显著发现包括睡眠效率与反应时间之间呈负相关。在心理挑战期间，睡眠效率与心血管指标之间无显著关系，但睡眠时间与心血管反应性有关。对于身体挑战，睡眠效率与血压恢复呈显著正相关，而睡眠时间与任何结果指标均无关。
以往文献在评估睡眠和心血管结果时侧重于睡眠时间。然而，在研究对应激的反应性和应激恢复情况时，睡眠效率可能同样重要或更为重要。
