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[难民营中的新冠疫情:德国公共卫生服务亟待加强]

[Covid-19 in Refugee Shelters: The German Public Health Service Needs Strengthening Now].

作者信息

Razum Oliver, Penning Verena, Mohsenpour Amir, Bozorgmehr Kayvan

机构信息

AG Epidemiologie & International Public Health, Fakultät für Gesundheitswissenschaften, Universität Bielefeld.

AG Bevölkerungsmedizin und Versorgungsforschung, Fakultät für Gesund heitswissenschaften, Universität Bielefeld.

出版信息

Gesundheitswesen. 2020 May;82(5):392-396. doi: 10.1055/a-1154-5063. Epub 2020 Apr 23.

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic poses a major challenge for the management of collective accommodation centres for refugees. The often-overcrowded facilities hinder satisfactory implementation of social distancing and hygiene practices. Adequate information policies as well as a rapid, efficient management of suspected and confirmed Covid-19 cases are essential. However, scientific evidence on this is largely lacking. Besides partially implemented approaches, such as isolation areas or cluster quarantine, plans to evacuate overcrowded facilities should also be considered. The German Public Health Service (ÖGD) plays a vital role in the current Covid-19 pandemic. In order to fulfil their routine tasks of infection control and support health services management for refugee accommodation centres, the ÖGD urgently needs to be strengthened in terms of personnel and material. Additionally, means for a rapid exchange of best practice examples of Covid-19 interventions across federal states as well as collaborative structures and capacity within the ÖGD for accompanying operational research are needed. Refugees, their housing situation and their access to health care need to be included in pandemic plans. Only an integrative health care system can achieve regional and international targets for the control of Covid-19 and other infectious diseases.

摘要

新冠疫情给难民集体收容中心的管理带来了重大挑战。这些设施往往过度拥挤,阻碍了社交距离和卫生措施的有效实施。制定充分的信息政策以及对疑似和确诊新冠病例进行快速、有效的管理至关重要。然而,这方面的科学证据在很大程度上仍然缺乏。除了部分已实施的方法,如隔离区或群组检疫外,还应考虑疏散过度拥挤设施的计划。德国公共卫生服务机构(ÖGD)在当前的新冠疫情中发挥着至关重要的作用。为了履行其在难民收容中心感染控制的日常任务并支持卫生服务管理,ÖGD迫切需要在人员和物资方面得到加强。此外,还需要在各联邦州之间迅速交流新冠疫情干预措施的最佳实践范例,以及在ÖGD内部建立协作结构和能力以开展伴随性行动研究。难民、他们的居住状况以及获得医疗保健的机会都需要纳入疫情应对计划。只有一个综合的医疗保健系统才能实现控制新冠疫情和其他传染病的区域及国际目标。

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