Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy.
Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, viale P.A. Mattioli 25, 10125 Turin, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Apr 21;21(8):2913. doi: 10.3390/ijms21082913.
Two fungal strains, MUT 271 and MUT 290, isolated from a Mediterranean marine site chronically pervaded by oil spills, can use crude oil as sole carbon source. Herein, these strains were investigated as producers of biosurfactants, apt to solubilize organic molecules as a preliminary step to metabolize them. Both fungi secreted low molecular weight proteins identified as cerato-platanins, small, conserved, hydrophobic proteins, included among the fungal surface-active proteins. Both proteins were able to stabilize emulsions, and their capacity was comparable to that of other biosurfactant proteins and to commercially available surfactants. Moreover, the cerato-platanin from was able to lower the surface tension value to a larger extent than the similar protein from and other amphiphilic proteins from fungi. Both cerato-platanins were able to make hydrophilic a hydrophobic surface, such as hydrophobins, and to form a stable layer, not removable even after surface washing. To the best of our knowledge, the ability of cerato-platanins to work both as biosurfactant and bioemulsifier is herein demonstrated for the first time.
两株真菌菌株 MUT 271 和 MUT 290 从一个长期受到溢油影响的地中海海洋地点中分离出来，可以将原油用作唯一的碳源。本文研究了这些菌株作为生物表面活性剂的产生菌，它们能够溶解有机分子，作为代谢它们的初步步骤。两种真菌都分泌了低分子量的蛋白质，被鉴定为角蛋白platansins，这是一种小型、保守、疏水的蛋白质，属于真菌表面活性蛋白。这两种蛋白质都能够稳定乳液，其能力与其他生物表面活性剂蛋白和市售表面活性剂相当。此外，来自的角蛋白platansin 能够更大程度地降低表面张力值，比来自的类似蛋白和其他真菌的两亲性蛋白更有效。两种角蛋白platansin 都能够使疏水表面亲水，如疏水性蛋白，并形成稳定的层，即使经过表面清洗也不会去除。据我们所知，角蛋白platansin 既能作为生物表面活性剂又能作为生物乳化剂的能力在此是首次得到证明。
