University of Applied Sciences Europe, Germany.
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany.
Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2021 Dec;27(4):1251-1260. doi: 10.1080/10803548.2020.1732648. Epub 2020 Apr 24.
The prevention of burnout symptoms is an essential goal in occupational health promotion. Physical exercise provides health-promotion benefits. This study aimed to verify physical exercise and its planned preparation as additional predictors of employees' burnout symptoms next to job demands and resources. We used the job demands-resources model as a theoretical framework. In this longitudinal online study, 342 employees completed two questionnaires at an interval of 4 weeks. Moderation and moderated mediation analyses confirmed vigorous physical exercise as a relevant personal resource, revealing that it buffers the detrimental effects of job demands on burnout symptoms. Planning strategies strongly predicted physical exercise and supported the debilitating effects of job resources on burnout symptoms. Especially in employees with medium levels of job stress, coping planning supported the enactment of vigorous physical exercise. Physical exercise did not mediate the association between job demands, job resources and burnout symptoms. This study enriches our knowledge about occupational health prevention. It points to a pressing topic for the near future, i.e., how work conditions (e.g., job stress) and leisure time (e.g., physical exercise) can be successfully combined to keep individuals' job stress to a minimum and to prevent burnout symptoms.
预防倦怠症状是职业健康促进的一个重要目标。体育锻炼提供了促进健康的益处。本研究旨在验证体育锻炼及其有计划的准备是除工作需求和资源之外，预测员工倦怠症状的额外因素。我们使用工作需求-资源模型作为理论框架。在这项纵向在线研究中，342 名员工在 4 周的时间间隔内完成了两份问卷。调节和调节中介分析证实，剧烈的体育锻炼是一个相关的个人资源，表明它缓冲了工作需求对倦怠症状的不利影响。规划策略强烈预测了体育锻炼，并支持了工作资源对倦怠症状的削弱作用。特别是在工作压力中等的员工中，应对计划支持了剧烈体育锻炼的实施。体育锻炼并没有介导工作需求、工作资源和倦怠症状之间的关联。本研究丰富了我们对职业健康预防的认识。它指出了一个紧迫的未来议题，即如何成功地将工作条件（例如工作压力）和休闲时间（例如体育锻炼）结合起来，将个人的工作压力降到最低，并预防倦怠症状。
