Kojima Kenji K
Genetic Information Research Institute, Cupertino, CA 95014 USA.
Mob DNA. 2020 Apr 18;11:15. doi: 10.1186/s13100-020-00211-1. eCollection 2020.
DNA transposons are ubiquitous components of eukaryotic genomes. superfamily of DNA transposons is one of the least characterized DNA transposon superfamilies in eukaryotes. DNA transposons belonging to the superfamily have been reported from various animals, one red algal species , and one fungal species . Six families from encode a helicase in addition to putative transposase, while some other families encode a single protein which contains a putative transposase and an XPG nuclease.
Systematic searches on Repbase and BLAST searches against publicly available genome sequences revealed that several species of fungi and animals contain multiple transposon families encoding a helicase. These families generate 9 or 10-bp target site duplications (TSDs) while families lacking helicase generate 3 or 4-bp TSDs. Phylogenetic analysis clearly shows two lineages inside of , designated here as and for encoding helicase or XPG nuclease, respectively. One sublineage of in animals encodes plant homeodomain (PHD) finger in its transposase, and its remnants are found in several fish genomes.
The lineage of TEs is widely distributed in animals and fungi, and originated early in the evolution of DNA transposons. This analysis highlights the structural diversity in one less studied superfamily of eukaryotic DNA transposons.
DNA转座子是真核生物基因组中普遍存在的组成部分。[具体转座子超家族名称]是真核生物中特征描述最少的DNA转座子超家族之一。已在多种动物、一种红藻物种和一种真菌物种中报道了属于[具体转座子超家族名称]的DNA转座子。来自[具体来源]的六个[具体转座子家族名称]除了推定的转座酶外还编码一种解旋酶，而其他一些家族编码一种单一蛋白质，该蛋白质包含推定的转座酶和一种XPG核酸酶。
在Repbase上进行系统搜索以及针对公开可用的基因组序列进行BLAST搜索发现，几种真菌和动物物种含有多个编码解旋酶的[具体转座子家族名称]转座子家族。这些[具体转座子家族名称]家族产生9或10个碱基对的靶位点重复（TSD），而缺乏解旋酶的[具体转座子家族名称]家族产生3或4个碱基对的TSD。系统发育分析清楚地显示了[具体转座子超家族名称]内部的两个谱系，在这里分别指定为[具体谱系名称1]和解旋酶或XPG核酸酶的[具体谱系名称2]。动物中[具体谱系名称1]的一个亚谱系在其转座酶中编码植物同源结构域（PHD）指，并且在几种鱼类基因组中发现了其残余物。
转座元件的[具体谱系名称]谱系广泛分布于动物和真菌中，并且起源于[具体DNA转座子]DNA转座子进化的早期。该分析突出了一个研究较少的真核生物DNA转座子超家族中的结构多样性。
