Biological Station Rybachy, Zoological Institute RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Dept. Vertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
PLoS One. 2020 Apr 24;15(4):e0232136. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232136. eCollection 2020.
Determining the East-West position was a classical problem in human sea navigation until accurate clocks were manufactured and sailors were able to measure the difference between local time and a fixed reference to determine longitude. Experienced night-migratory songbirds can correct for East-West physical and virtual magnetic displacements to unknown locations. Migratory birds do not appear to possess a time-different clock sense; therefore, they must solve the longitude problem in a different way. We showed earlier that experienced adult (but not juvenile) Eurasian reed warblers (Acrocephalus scirpaceus) can use magnetic declination (the difference in direction between geographic and magnetic North) to solve this problem when they were virtually displaced from Rybachy on the eastern Baltic coast to Scotland. In this study, we aimed to test how general this effect was. Adult and juvenile European robins (Erithacus rubecula) and adult garden warblers (Sylvia borin) under the same experimental conditions did not respond to this virtual magnetic displacement, suggesting significant variation in how navigational maps are organised in different songbird migrants.
确定东西位置是人类航海史上的一个经典问题，直到精确的时钟被制造出来，水手们能够测量当地时间与固定参考点之间的差异，从而确定经度。有经验的夜间迁徙鸣禽可以纠正未知位置的东西向物理和虚拟磁场位移。候鸟似乎没有时间不同的时钟感；因此，它们必须以不同的方式解决经度问题。我们之前曾表明，有经验的成年（而非幼年）芦苇莺（Acrocephalus scirpaceus）在虚拟地从波罗的海东岸的里巴奇（Rybachy）被转移到苏格兰时，可以利用磁偏角（地理北极和磁北极之间的方向差异）来解决这个问题。在这项研究中，我们旨在测试这种效果的普遍性。在相同的实验条件下，成年和幼年的欧鸲（Erithacus rubecula）和成年的林莺（Sylvia borin）对这种虚拟磁场位移没有反应，这表明不同鸣禽迁徙者的导航图组织方式存在显著差异。
