Center of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Sleep Health. 2020 Oct;6(5):609-617. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2020.02.005. Epub 2020 Apr 21.
Emerging evidence suggests that inconsistent sleep may affect physical and psychological health. Thus, it is important to identify modifiable determinants of sleep variability. Screen time and physical activity are both thought to affect sleep, but studies of their relationship to sleep variability using objective measures are lacking. We examined cross-sectional associations between these variables in mid-teen adolescents using objectively measured sleep and activity.
Wrist-worn accelerometers were used to measure one week of sleep and activity in 315 tenth grade students (mean age 15.8y) from six Reykjavík compulsory schools. Participants reported their daily hours of screen time. Regression analysis was used to explore associations of screen time and physical activity with variability in duration, quality, and timing of sleep, adjusting for DXA-measured body fat percentage, parental education, and physical activity or screen time.
Screen time, especially game playing, was associated with variability in duration, timing, and quality of sleep, most strongly with variation in bedtime. Physical activity was inversely associated with variability in duration, timing, and quality of sleep, most strongly with variation in the number of awakenings. Boys had less stable sleep patterns and higher screen time than girls, and sex-specific associations of screen time with sleep variability parameters were significant for boys only.
Less screen time and more physical activity were independently associated with less sleep variability among mid-teen adolescents. Our results indicate that encouraging youngsters toward an active lifestyle with limited screen use may be important to achieve more consistent sleep.
新出现的证据表明，睡眠不规律可能会影响身心健康。因此，确定睡眠可变性的可调节决定因素非常重要。屏幕时间和体育活动都被认为会影响睡眠，但缺乏使用客观测量方法研究它们与睡眠可变性之间关系的研究。我们使用客观测量的睡眠和活动来研究青少年中期这些变量之间的横断面关联。
使用腕戴式加速度计在雷克雅未克六所义务学校的 315 名十年级学生（平均年龄 15.8 岁）中测量了一周的睡眠和活动。参与者报告了他们每天的屏幕时间。回归分析用于探索屏幕时间和体育活动与睡眠持续时间、质量和时间变异性的关联，调整了 DXA 测量的体脂百分比、父母教育程度以及体育活动或屏幕时间。
屏幕时间，尤其是玩游戏，与睡眠持续时间、时间和质量的变异性有关，与就寝时间的变化关系最密切。体育活动与睡眠持续时间、时间和质量的变异性呈负相关，与觉醒次数的变化关系最密切。男孩的睡眠模式比女孩更不稳定，屏幕时间也比女孩高，而且仅男孩的屏幕时间与睡眠可变性参数之间存在性别特异性关联。
在青少年中期，较少的屏幕时间和更多的体育活动与睡眠变异性降低独立相关。我们的研究结果表明，鼓励年轻人养成积极的生活方式，限制使用屏幕，对于实现更稳定的睡眠可能非常重要。
