Centre for Sports and Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Stakkahlid, 105, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway.
Sci Rep. 2020 Oct 9;10(1):16877. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-73774-x.
In laboratory studies, imposed sleep restriction consistently reduces cognitive performance. However, the association between objectively measured, free-living sleep and cognitive function has not been studied in older adolescents. To address this gap, we measured one week of sleep with a wrist-worn GT3X+ actigraph in 160 adolescents (96 girls, 17.7 ± 0.3 years) followed by assessment of working memory with an n-back task and visual attention with a Posner cue-target task. Over the week, participants spent 7.1 ± 0.8 h/night in bed and slept 6.2 ± 0.8 h/night with 88.5 ± 4.8% efficiency and considerable intra-participant night-to-night variation, with a standard deviation in sleep duration of 1.2 ± 0.7 h. Sleep measures the night before cognitive testing were similar to weekly averages. Time in bed the night before cognitive testing was negatively associated with response times during the most challenging memory task (3-back; p = 0.005). However, sleep measures the night before did not correlate with performance on the attention task and weekly sleep parameters were not associated with either cognitive task. Our data suggests shorter acute free-living sleep may negatively impact difficult memory tasks, however the relationship between free-living sleep and cognitive task performance in healthy adolescents is less clear than that of laboratory findings, perhaps due to high night-to-night sleep variation.
在实验室研究中，强制限制睡眠会持续降低认知表现。然而，对于客观测量的、自由生活中的睡眠与认知功能之间的关联，在青少年中尚未进行过研究。为了解决这一差距，我们使用腕戴式 GT3X+ 活动记录仪在 160 名青少年（96 名女性，17.7±0.3 岁）中测量了一周的睡眠情况，随后使用 n-back 任务评估工作记忆，使用 Posner 线索-目标任务评估视觉注意力。在一周内，参与者平均每晚在床上花费 7.1±0.8 小时，平均每晚睡眠 6.2±0.8 小时，效率为 88.5±4.8%，并且存在相当大的个体内夜间变化，睡眠时间的标准差为 1.2±0.7 小时。认知测试前一晚的睡眠测量值与每周平均值相似。认知测试前一晚的卧床时间与最具挑战性的记忆任务（3 回测；p=0.005）的反应时间呈负相关。然而，前一晚的睡眠测量值与注意力任务的表现不相关，每周的睡眠参数与这两个认知任务都没有关联。我们的数据表明，较短的急性自由生活中的睡眠可能会对困难的记忆任务产生负面影响，但是健康青少年中自由生活中的睡眠与认知任务表现之间的关系不如实验室研究结果那么明确，这可能是由于夜间睡眠变化较大。
