Wang Wei-Wei, Wang Jing, Zhang Hai-Jun, Wu Shu-Geng, Qi Guang-Hai
Risk Assessment Laboratory of Feed Derived Factors to Animal Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, and National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Apr 15;11:600. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00600. eCollection 2020.
Probiotic could affect lipid metabolism in broilers. However, it is not clear whether could improve lipid metabolism through shaping gut microbiota and bile acid (BA) profile of laying hens. We aimed to evaluate the contributions of gut microbiota and BA profile to the potential effect of on lipid metabolism of aged laying hens. A total of 192 60-week-old Hy-Line Brown laying hens were divided into two groups (eight replicates per group). Birds were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0 or 2.7 g/kg (1.0 × 10 CFU/g). Samples were collected at the end of week 8 of the experiment. The results showed elevated ( < 0.05) concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1, insulin and thyroid hormones in serum responded to addition, which also decreased ( < 0.05) hepatic free fatty acids contents, as well as increased ( < 0.05) the expression of hepatic acyl-CoA oxidase, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and PPARα. addition increased ( < 0.05) abundance but tended to decrease ( < 0.10) abundance in the ileum. Besides, addition resulted in higher ( < 0.05) abundances of () and , concurrent with an increasing trend ( < 0.10) of abundance and decreased the abundances of several harmful bacteria such as ( < 0.05). Regarding ileal BA profile, there was a reduced ( < 0.05) content of tauro-α-muricholic acid, increased ( < 0.05) contents of tauroursodeoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid, along with increasing trends ( < 0.10) of glycochenodeoxycholic acid and hyodeoxycholic acid contents due to addition, which also increased ( < 0.05) ileal FXR expression. Collectively, supplemental accelerated hepatic fatty acid oxidation, and shaped gut microbiota and BA profile, thus reducing fat deposition in the liver of aged laying hens.
益生菌可能会影响肉鸡的脂质代谢。然而，尚不清楚其是否能通过塑造蛋鸡的肠道微生物群和胆汁酸（BA）谱来改善脂质代谢。我们旨在评估肠道微生物群和BA谱对其对老龄蛋鸡脂质代谢潜在影响的贡献。总共192只60周龄的海兰褐蛋鸡被分为两组（每组8个重复）。给鸡饲喂补充了0或2.7 g/kg益生菌（1.0×10⁸CFU/g）的基础日粮。在实验第8周结束时采集样本。结果显示，添加益生菌后血清中胰高血糖素样肽1、胰岛素和甲状腺激素的浓度升高（P<0.05），同时肝脏游离脂肪酸含量降低（P<0.05），肝脏酰基辅酶A氧化酶、法尼醇X受体（FXR）和PPARα的表达增加（P<0.05）。添加益生菌增加了（P<0.05）回肠中双歧杆菌属的丰度，但倾向于降低（P<0.10）肠球菌属的丰度。此外，添加益生菌导致粪杆菌属（Faecalibacterium）和罗斯氏菌属（Roseburia）的丰度更高（P<0.05），同时瘤胃球菌属（Ruminococcus）丰度有增加趋势（P<0.10），并降低了几种有害细菌如大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）的丰度（P<0.05）。关于回肠BA谱，由于添加益生菌，牛磺-α-鼠胆酸含量降低（P<0.05），牛磺熊去氧胆酸和石胆酸含量增加（P<0.05），同时甘氨鹅脱氧胆酸和猪去氧胆酸含量有增加趋势（P<0.10），这也增加了（P<0.05）回肠FXR表达。总体而言，补充益生菌加速了肝脏脂肪酸氧化，并塑造了肠道微生物群和BA谱，从而减少了老龄蛋鸡肝脏中的脂肪沉积。
