University of Kentucky, Spinal Cord & Brain injury Research Center, Department of Physiology, Collage of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536-0509, United States of America.
University of Kentucky, Spinal Cord & Brain injury Research Center, Department of Physiology, Collage of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536-0509, United States of America.
Exp Neurol. 2020 Aug;330:113332. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113332. Epub 2020 Apr 27.
The mitochondrion is a double membrane structured organelle involved in a variety of regulatory functions such as calcium signaling, production of adenosine triphosphate, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species generation, cell growth, and cell cycling. Impaired mitochondrial function is evident in various neurological disorders stemming from both acute and chronic neural injury. Herein, we review the role of mitochondrial regulation in maintaining cellular homeostasis, the consequences of their dysfunction in relation to pathophysiology after neurotrauma, approaches being used to promote their bioenergetic integrity for neuroprotection, and multifaceted methods being used to preserve/rescue their function following both traumatic brain and spinal cord injury.
线粒体是一种具有双层膜结构的细胞器，参与多种调节功能，如钙信号转导、三磷酸腺苷的生成、细胞凋亡、活性氧的产生、细胞生长和细胞周期。受损的线粒体功能在各种神经疾病中都很明显，这些疾病源于急性和慢性神经损伤。本文综述了线粒体调节在维持细胞内稳态中的作用、它们功能障碍与神经损伤后病理生理学的关系、促进其生物能量完整性以实现神经保护的方法，以及创伤性脑损伤和脊髓损伤后保护/挽救其功能的多方面方法。
