Azagidi Angus Sunday, Ibitoye Bolanle Olubunmi, Makinde Olufemiwa Niyi, Idowu Bukunmi Michael, Aderibigbe Adeniyi Sunday
Department of Radiology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria.
Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria.
J Med Ultrasound. 2019 Oct 9;28(1):17-23. doi: 10.4103/JMU.JMU_127_18. eCollection 2020 Jan-Mar.
The purposes of this study are to sonographically measure the placental thickness (PT) in normal fetuses; to correlate it with gestational age (GA), fetal growth parameters, and estimated fetal weight (EFW); and to design a nomogram for the derived PT measurements.
This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study on 400 women with apparently normal pregnancy within the age range of 18-45 years recruited from the Antenatal Clinic of our hospital. The fetal GA was estimated by the last menstrual period (LMP). The fetal growth parameters were determined using standard sonographic methods while the PT was measured at the level of the umbilical cord insertion site. PT was then correlated with GA, fetal growth parameters, and the EFW.
The mean PT (mean ± standard deviation) in the 1, 2, 3 trimesters and the whole duration of pregnancy were 14.5 ± 0.3 mm, 24.6 ± 3.9 mm, 34.8 ± 2.8 mm, and 29.6 ± 7.1 mm, respectively. PT ranged from 13.5 ± 1.9 mm at 11 weeks to 39.1 ± 0.6 mm at 40 weeks. PT (in mm) had a linear relationship and a statistically significant positive correlation with GA (in weeks) in all the trimesters, with most significant correlation recorded in the 2 trimester ( = 0.79). There was also a statistically significant positive correlation between PT and the fetal growth parameters (biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, femur length and crown-rump length), and EFW. PT nomogram was developed from 11 to 40 weeks of gestation using a scatter plot with 95% confidence interval for our locality.
PT has a linear relationship with GA, fetal growth parameters, and EFW and it can be used along with other fetal growth parameters to increase the accuracy for predicting GA in normal pregnancies, especially when the subject is not sure of or does not know her LMP.
本研究的目的是通过超声测量正常胎儿的胎盘厚度（PT）；将其与孕周（GA）、胎儿生长参数及估计胎儿体重（EFW）进行关联；并为得出的PT测量值设计一张列线图。
这是一项基于医院的横断面研究，研究对象为从我院产前门诊招募的400名年龄在18至45岁之间、妊娠情况明显正常的女性。通过末次月经日期（LMP）估算胎儿孕周。使用标准超声方法测定胎儿生长参数，同时在脐带插入部位测量PT。然后将PT与GA、胎儿生长参数及EFW进行关联。
妊娠1、2、3期及整个孕期的平均PT（均值±标准差）分别为14.5±0.3mm、24.6±3.9mm、34.8±2.8mm和29.6±7.1mm。PT范围从11周时的13.5±1.9mm到40周时的39.1±0.6mm。在所有孕期中，PT（以mm为单位）与GA（以周为单位）呈线性关系且具有统计学意义的正相关，在妊娠2期相关性最为显著（=0.79）。PT与胎儿生长参数（双顶径、头围、腹围、股骨长度和顶臀长度）及EFW之间也存在统计学意义的正相关。利用散点图并结合我们当地95%的置信区间，绘制了妊娠11至40周的PT列线图。
PT与GA、胎儿生长参数及EFW呈线性关系，它可与其他胎儿生长参数一起用于提高预测正常妊娠GA的准确性，尤其是当受试者不确定或不知道自己的LMP时。
