Center for Public Health and Healthcare, Medical Sociology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.
Psychol Health. 2021 Jan;36(1):115-127. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2020.1761976. Epub 2020 May 6.
Although personal values guide one's life in several important aspects, no study has examined how personal values relate to mortality. The current study strives to fill this gap. I ask: Which personal values prospectively predict mortality?
A large population-based sample of middle-aged and older adults in Germany was used ( = 6089).
Personal values were measured in 2008 according to Schwartz using the Portraits Value Questionnaire. Mortality was monitored up to 2017, resulting in a maximum follow-up period of about 10 years.
Using Cox survival regression analyses, I found that Self-direction and, in part, Benevolence predicted a decreased mortality risk. Conversely, Power predicted an increased mortality risk.
Thus, valuing independent thought and action (Self-Direction) and valuing the well-being of close others (Benevolence) seem to be associated with improved health, whereas valuing dominance and materialism (Power) is associated with diminished health. Future research should examine the mechanisms by which these personal values relate to mortality.
尽管个人价值观在几个重要方面指导着一个人的生活，但尚无研究探讨个人价值观与死亡率之间的关系。本研究旨在填补这一空白。我想知道：哪些个人价值观可以前瞻性地预测死亡率？
本研究使用了德国一项基于大样本的中年和老年人研究（n=6089）。
2008 年，根据 Schwartz 的价值观理论，使用 Portraits Value Questionnaire 对个人价值观进行了测量。死亡率的监测一直持续到 2017 年，最长随访时间约为 10 年。
使用 Cox 生存回归分析，我发现自我定向和部分仁慈价值观预测死亡率降低。相反，权力价值观预测死亡率升高。
因此，重视独立思考和行动（自我定向）以及重视亲近他人的幸福（仁慈）似乎与健康状况改善有关，而重视支配和物质主义（权力）则与健康状况恶化有关。未来的研究应该探讨这些个人价值观与死亡率之间的关系机制。
