Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing 100050, China.
Anal Cell Pathol (Amst). 2020 Jan 8;2020:6283796. doi: 10.1155/2020/6283796. eCollection 2020.
Tumors are surrounded by complex environmental components, including blood and lymph vessels, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, immune cells, cytokines, extracellular vesicles, and extracellular matrix. All the stromal components together with the tumor cells form the tumor microenvironment (TME). In addition, extracellular physical and chemical factors, including extracellular pH, hypoxia, elevated interstitial fluid pressure, and fibrosis, are closely associated with tumor progression, metastasis, immunosuppression, and drug resistance. Cellular and extracellular components in TME contribute to nearly all procedures of carcinogenesis. By summarizing the recent work in this field, we make a comprehensive review on the role of cellular and extracellular components in the process of carcinogenesis and their potential application in early diagnosis of cancer. We hope that a systematic review of the diverse aspects of TME will help both research scientists and clinicians in this field.
肿瘤周围存在着复杂的环境成分，包括血管和淋巴管、成纤维细胞、内皮细胞、免疫细胞、细胞因子、细胞外囊泡和细胞外基质。所有的基质成分与肿瘤细胞一起形成肿瘤微环境（TME）。此外，包括细胞外 pH 值、缺氧、间质液压力升高和纤维化在内的细胞外物理和化学因素与肿瘤的进展、转移、免疫抑制和耐药性密切相关。TME 中的细胞和细胞外成分几乎参与了致癌过程的所有步骤。通过总结该领域的最新工作，我们全面综述了细胞和细胞外成分在致癌过程中的作用及其在癌症早期诊断中的潜在应用。我们希望对 TME 多方面的系统综述将有助于该领域的研究科学家和临床医生。
