Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Cell Prolif. 2020 Jun;53(6):e12828. doi: 10.1111/cpr.12828. Epub 2020 May 11.
Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles ranging from 30 to 150 nm, are secreted by various cell types, including tumour cells. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) were identified to be encapsulated and hence protected from degradation within exosomes. These exosomal miRNAs can be horizontally transferred to target cells, in which they subsequently modulate biological processes. Increasing evidence indicates that exosomal miRNAs play a critical role in modifying the microenvironment of lung cancers, possibly facilitating progression, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis and drug resistance. In this review, we summarize the novel findings on exosomal miRNA functions during lung cancer initiation and progression. In addition, we highlight their potential role and challenges as biomarkers in lung cancer diagnosis, prognosis and drug resistance and as therapeutic agents.
外泌体是直径为 30 至 150nm 的小型细胞外囊泡，由多种细胞类型分泌，包括肿瘤细胞。最近发现，微小 RNA（miRNA）被包裹在其中，从而在囊泡内得到保护而不被降解。这些外泌体 miRNA 可以水平转移到靶细胞，从而在靶细胞中调节生物学过程。越来越多的证据表明，外泌体 miRNA 在修饰肺癌的微环境中发挥着关键作用，可能促进了肺癌的进展、侵袭、血管生成、转移和耐药性。在这篇综述中，我们总结了外泌体 miRNA 在肺癌发生和发展过程中的新功能。此外，我们还强调了它们作为肺癌诊断、预后和耐药性的生物标志物以及治疗剂的潜在作用和挑战。
