College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China.
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.
PLoS One. 2020 May 12;15(5):e0232185. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232185. eCollection 2020.
Isoetes sinensis Palmer is a critically endangered, first-class protected plant in China. Until now, researchers have primarily focused on the ultrastructure, phylogeny, and transcriptomes of the plant. However, flavonoid profiles and bioactivity of I. sinensis have not been extensively investigated. To develop the endangered I. sinensis for edible and medicinal purposes, flavonoid content, chemical constitution, and antioxidant activities were investigated in this study. Results revealed the following. 1) The total flavonoid content was determined as 10.74 ± 0.25 mg/g., 2) Antioxidant activities were stronger than most ferns, especially ABTS free radical scavenging activities. 3) Four flavones, containing apigenin, apigenin-7-glucuronide, acacetin-7-O-glcopyranoside, and homoplantageninisoetin; four flavonols, namely, isoetin, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-[6"-O-(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl)-β-D-glucopyranoside], and limocitrin-Neo; one prodelphinidin (procyanidins;) and one nothofagin (dihydrochalcone) were tentatively identified in the mass spectrometry-DAD (254nm) chromatograms. This study was the first to report on flavonoid content and antioxidant activities of I. sinensis. Stronger antioxidant activity and flavonoid content suggests that the endangered I. sinensis is an important and potentially edible and medicinal plant.
中华水韭是中国极危、一级保护植物。迄今为止，研究主要集中在植物的超微结构、系统发育和转录组学上。然而，中华水韭的类黄酮谱和生物活性尚未得到广泛研究。为了开发濒危的中华水韭作为食用和药用植物，本研究调查了其类黄酮含量、化学成分和抗氧化活性。结果表明：1）总类黄酮含量为 10.74±0.25mg/g；2）抗氧化活性强于大多数蕨类植物，尤其是 ABTS 自由基清除活性；3）通过质荷比-二极管阵列（254nm）色谱图，从中华水韭中共鉴定出 4 种黄酮类化合物（包括芹菜素、芹菜素-7-葡萄糖醛酸苷、乙酰化-7-O-葡萄糖苷和同型补骨脂素异水韭定）、4 种黄酮醇（即异水韭定、山奈酚-3-O-葡萄糖苷、槲皮素-3-O-[6"-O-(3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷]和 Limocitrin-Neo）、1 种原花青素（原花青素）和 1 种非霍奇金（二氢查耳酮）。本研究首次报道了中华水韭的类黄酮含量和抗氧化活性。较强的抗氧化活性和类黄酮含量表明，濒危的中华水韭是一种重要的、具有潜在食用和药用价值的植物。
