Zhang Hongmei, Du Xuan, Yu Jizhu, Jin Haijun, Liu Na
The Protected Horticulture Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai, 201403 China.
Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2022 Jul;28(7):1347-1357. doi: 10.1007/s12298-022-01210-7. Epub 2022 Jul 29.
Bitter gourd ( L.) is a member of Cucurbitaceae family and has long been used as a source of food and medicine for its rich bioactive components or secondary metabolites. However, there are relatively few large-scale detection, identification, and quantitative studies on flavonoids in the pericarp of bitter gourds of different colours. To determine the differences in the diversity and specificity of flavonoids in the pericarp of bitter gourd of different colours, the metabolic profiles in the pericarp of three coloured bitter gourd accessions, dark green (mo), pale green (lv), and white (bai), were analysed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Priorly, it was confirmed that the different shades of green were caused by the content of chlorophyll. A total of 93 metabolites, including 90 flavonoids and three tannins, were detected in the current study. These 90 flavonoids included three isoflavones, nine dihydroflavones, seven flavanols, 34 flavonols, 26 flavonoids, four chalcones, five flavonoid carbonosides, and two dihydroflavonols. Compared to mo, both lv and bai had 21 and 25 different metabolites, respectively, while there were only nine different metabolites between lv and bai. The relative contents of vitexin and isovitexin increased with the deeper colour of the bitter gourd. Thus, the different metabolites in coloured bitter gourds are mainly involved in the biosynthesis of flavonols, flavonoid carbonosides, and flavonoids. This study enables identification of metabolic differences in the pericarp of bitter gourds of different colours. The results will be helpful for quality breeding of new bitter gourd varieties and shall provide a reference for their medical application.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01210-7.
苦瓜（Momordica charantia L.）是葫芦科植物的一员，长期以来因其丰富的生物活性成分或次生代谢产物而被用作食物和药物来源。然而，针对不同颜色苦瓜果皮中黄酮类化合物的大规模检测、鉴定和定量研究相对较少。为了确定不同颜色苦瓜果皮中黄酮类化合物多样性和特异性的差异，采用超高效液相色谱 - 串联质谱法分析了三种颜色苦瓜品种（深绿色（墨绿，mo）、浅绿色（绿，lv）和白色（白，bai））果皮中的代谢谱。此前已证实，绿色的不同深浅是由叶绿素含量引起的。在本研究中总共检测到93种代谢物，包括90种黄酮类化合物和3种单宁。这90种黄酮类化合物包括3种异黄酮、9种二氢黄酮、7种黄烷醇、34种黄酮醇、26种黄酮、4种查耳酮、5种黄酮碳苷和2种二氢黄酮醇。与墨绿相比，绿和白分别有21种和25种不同的代谢物，而绿和白之间只有9种不同的代谢物。牡荆素和异牡荆素的相对含量随着苦瓜颜色加深而增加。因此，有色苦瓜中的不同代谢物主要参与黄酮醇、黄酮碳苷和黄酮类化合物的生物合成。本研究能够鉴定不同颜色苦瓜果皮中的代谢差异。研究结果将有助于苦瓜新品种的品质育种，并为其医学应用提供参考。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s12298 - 022 - 01210 - 7获取的补充材料。
