Szyguła Renata, Wierzbicka Monika, Sondel Grażyna
The Witelon State University of Applied Sciences in Legnica, Faculty of Health Science and Physical Education, Legnica, Poland.
J Aging Res. 2020 Jan 7;2020:4602067. doi: 10.1155/2020/4602067. eCollection 2020.
In the study, 48 men took part with a stabilized and pharmacologically controlled ischaemic disease. The participants were randomly divided into two groups with 24 people in each of them. The research group participated in an aerobic march training. The march was taking place 3 times a week for 30-40 minutes over a period of 8 weeks. In the time of training, the subjects did not practise any other physical activity for 8 weeks. The measurement of skin microcirculation was done by using the laser Doppler flowmeter estimating the values of regular flow and the reactions provoked in response to occlusion and temperature. Signal frequency was also analysed which was received by means of laser Doppler flowmetry in the range from 0.01 to 2 Hz during the regular flow.
During the first measurement in relation to the initial values, a decrease in body mass was noted by 2.21 kg on average as well as reduction of systolic and diastolic pressure by 10.4 mmHg and 3.68 mmHg, respectively. The regular flow (RF) increased after the training by 2.21%. The provoked reactions were as follows: hyperemic (PRHmax): an increase occurred by 8.76% and hyperthermic (THmax): an increase occurred by 5.38%. The time needed to achieve PRHmax was reduced by 42% and to achieve THmax, by 22%. The heart rhythm and the signal strength of neurogenic rhythm decreased by approximately 8% and 24%, respectively. The signal strength of endothelial rhythm increased by 19%. In the second measurement, a recourse was noted in the values of indicators under investigation, which were assuming values close to the initial ones. In the control group, the measurement values did not change significantly.
8 weeks of systematic aerobic training provides a significant improvement of endothelium functioning, expressed by reactivity improvement in skin microcirculation in patients suffering from ischaemic heart disease. It points to aerobic training as a nonpharmacological effective cardioprotective factor. The improvement effects of skin vascular bed functioning in the group of patients with IHD are impermanent, and they disappear after the period in which patients did not exercise physical activity.
在本研究中，48名患有稳定型且经药物控制的缺血性疾病男性参与其中。参与者被随机分为两组，每组24人。研究组参加有氧行军训练。行军每周进行3次，每次30 - 40分钟，持续8周。在训练期间，受试者在8周内未进行任何其他体育活动。使用激光多普勒血流仪测量皮肤微循环，估计正常血流值以及对闭塞和温度刺激产生的反应。还分析了在正常血流期间通过激光多普勒血流仪在0.01至2Hz范围内接收的信号频率。
在首次测量时，相对于初始值，平均体重下降了2.21kg，收缩压和舒张压分别降低了10.4mmHg和3.68mmHg。训练后正常血流（RF）增加了2.21%。诱发反应如下：充血反应（PRHmax）：增加了8.76%，热反应（THmax）：增加了5.38%。达到PRHmax所需的时间减少了42%，达到THmax所需的时间减少了22%。心律和神经源性节律的信号强度分别降低了约8%和24%。内皮源性节律的信号强度增加了19%。在第二次测量中，所研究指标的值出现了恢复，接近初始值。在对照组中，测量值没有显著变化。
8周的系统性有氧训练可显著改善内皮功能，表现为缺血性心脏病患者皮肤微循环反应性的改善。这表明有氧训练是一种非药物性的有效心脏保护因素。缺血性心脏病患者组皮肤血管床功能的改善效果是暂时的，在患者停止体育活动一段时间后就会消失。
