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两种来自卡塔尔极干旱红树林的海绵新种(寻常海绵纲:偕老同穴科和盔海绵科)及其潜在抗菌生物活性的研究。

Two new sponge species (Demospongiae: Chalinidae and Suberitidae) isolated from hyperarid mangroves of Qatar with notes on their potential antibacterial bioactivity.

机构信息

Environmental Science Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.

Huntsman Marine Science Centre, St. Andrews, New Brunswick, Canada.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2020 May 13;15(5):e0232205. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232205. eCollection 2020.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0232205
PMID:32401792
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7219822/
Abstract

This study presents the taxonomic description of two new sponge species that are intimately associated with the hyperarid mangrove ecosystem of Qatar. The study includes a preliminary evaluation of the sponges' potential bioactivity against pathogens. Chalinula qatari sp. nov. is a fragile thinly encrusting sponge with a vivid maroon colour in life, often with oscular chimneys and commonly recorded on pneumatophores in the intertidal and shallow subtidal zone. Suberites luna sp. nov. is a massive globular-lobate sponge with a greenish-black colour externally and a yellowish orange colour internally, recorded on pneumatophores in the shallow subtidal zone, with large specimens near the seagrass ecosystem that surrounds the mangrove. For both species, a drug extraction protocol and an antibacterial experiment was performed. The extract of Suberites luna sp. nov. was found to be bioactive against recognized pathogens such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis, but no bioactive activity was recorded for Chalinula qatari sp. nov. This study highlights the importance of increasing bioprospecting effort in hyperarid conditions and the importance of combining bioprospecting with taxonomic studies for the identification of novel marine drugs.

摘要

本研究对与卡塔尔超干旱红树林生态系统密切相关的两种新型海绵物种进行了分类描述。该研究包括对海绵潜在生物活性的初步评估,以对抗病原体。Chalinula qatari sp. nov. 是一种脆弱的薄壳状海绵,在生活中呈鲜艳的栗色,通常具有口盖烟囱,常见于潮间带和浅海的气生根上。Suberites luna sp. nov. 是一种大型球状叶状海绵,外部呈绿黑色,内部呈橙黄色,记录于浅海的气生根上,在红树林周围的海草生态系统附近有大型标本。对这两个物种都进行了药物提取方案和抗菌实验。Suberites luna sp. nov. 的提取物被发现对表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和粪肠球菌等公认的病原体具有生物活性,但 Chalinula qatari sp. nov. 没有记录到生物活性。本研究强调了在超干旱条件下增加生物勘探努力的重要性,以及将生物勘探与分类学研究相结合以鉴定新型海洋药物的重要性。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/20ee/7219822/05d9caf2606e/pone.0232205.g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/20ee/7219822/134d6066ecfd/pone.0232205.g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/20ee/7219822/25d488a8c6c1/pone.0232205.g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/20ee/7219822/0a3a40ab676a/pone.0232205.g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/20ee/7219822/b2da2608a7ca/pone.0232205.g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/20ee/7219822/05d9caf2606e/pone.0232205.g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/20ee/7219822/134d6066ecfd/pone.0232205.g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/20ee/7219822/25d488a8c6c1/pone.0232205.g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/20ee/7219822/0a3a40ab676a/pone.0232205.g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/20ee/7219822/b2da2608a7ca/pone.0232205.g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/20ee/7219822/05d9caf2606e/pone.0232205.g005.jpg

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