Department of Plant Medicals, Agricultural Science and Technology Institute, Andong National University, Andong, 36729, Republic of Korea.
Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Mol Psychiatry. 2021 Sep;26(9):5071-5078. doi: 10.1038/s41380-020-0768-7. Epub 2020 May 13.
Suicide data for this study were available for the period of March 1988 to June 2011, and involved 2111 male and 494 female victims from the Finnish province of Oulu. Data for lunar phases during that period were categorised into three groups: new moon (<25% visible), full moon (>75% visible) and other times with values in between. Seasonal effects were controlled with definitions for winter (Nov, Dec, Jan), spring (Feb, Mar, Apr), summer (May, June, July), and autumn (Aug, Sep, Oct). Suicide occurrences during different lunar phases were compared with their expected distribution using multinomial tests with all tests being two-tailed. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. No correlation between suicides and moon phase in any of the four seasons was apparent for male victims, but in winter for women it was (p = 0.001). Further analysis of the data revealed that the full moon association was statistically significant only for premenopausal women, defined as female victims younger than 45 years of age. To explain this unexpected finding a number of factors were considered, e.g., the darkness of a northern Finnish winter with increases of SAD and depression especially in premenopausal women, the influence of the lunar periodicity on the menstrual cycle, and cosmogeophysical effects on the humoral and autonomous nervous system.
这项研究的自杀数据可追溯至 1988 年 3 月至 2011 年 6 月，涉及来自芬兰奥卢省的 2111 名男性和 494 名女性受害者。该时期的月相数据分为三组：新月（<25%可见）、满月（>75%可见）和其他介于两者之间的时间。通过定义冬季（11 月、12 月、1 月）、春季（2 月、3 月、4 月）、夏季（5 月、6 月、7 月）和秋季（8 月、9 月、10 月）来控制季节性影响。使用多项式检验比较不同月相期间的自杀发生率与其预期分布，所有检验均为双尾检验。统计显著性设置为 p<0.05。对于男性受害者，没有明显的自杀与任何一个季节的月相之间存在相关性，但在女性冬季则存在相关性（p=0.001）。对数据的进一步分析表明，满月关联仅对绝经前妇女具有统计学意义，定义为年龄小于 45 岁的女性受害者。为了解释这一意外发现，考虑了许多因素，例如芬兰北部冬季的黑暗，增加了季节性情感障碍和抑郁，尤其是在绝经前妇女中，月球周期性对月经周期的影响，以及对体液和自主神经系统的宇宙地球物理影响。
