Indiana University, Department of Biology, Bloomington, IN, U.S.A.
Essays Biochem. 2020 Sep 4;64(2):277-287. doi: 10.1042/EBC20190072.
Faithful chromosome segregation in mitosis and meiosis requires that chromosomes properly attach to spindle microtubules. Initial kinetochore-microtubule attachments are often incorrect and rely on error correction mechanisms to release improper attachments, allowing the formation of new attachments. Aurora B kinase and, in mammalian germ cells, Aurora C kinase function as the enzymatic component of the Chromosomal Passenger Complex (CPC), which localizes to the inner centromere/kinetochore and phosphorylates kinetochore proteins for microtubule release during error correction. In this review, we discuss recent findings of the molecular pathways that regulate the chromosomal localization of Aurora B and C kinases in human cell lines, mice, fission yeast, and budding yeast. We also discuss differences in the importance of localization pathways between mitosis and meiosis.
在有丝分裂和减数分裂中，忠实的染色体分离要求染色体正确地附着到纺锤体微管上。初始的动粒-微管附着通常是不正确的，并且依赖于错误修正机制来释放不正确的附着，从而允许新的附着形成。Aurora B 激酶和在哺乳动物生殖细胞中，Aurora C 激酶作为染色体乘客复合物 (CPC) 的酶成分发挥作用，该复合物定位于着丝粒/动粒的内部，并在错误修正过程中磷酸化动粒蛋白以释放微管。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了调节人细胞系、小鼠、裂殖酵母和芽殖酵母中 Aurora B 和 C 激酶染色体定位的分子途径的最新发现。我们还讨论了有丝分裂和减数分裂中定位途径的重要性差异。
