Schippa Serena, Frassanito Antonella, Marazzato Massimiliano, Nenna Raffaella, Petrarca Laura, Neroni Bruna, Bonfiglio Giulia, Guerrieri Francesca, Frasca Federica, Oliveto Giuseppe, Pierangeli Alessandra, Midulla Fabio
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Department of Maternal, Infantile and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Microorganisms. 2020 May 13;8(5):731. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8050731.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis, and the severity may be influenced by the bacterial ecosystem. Our aim was to analyze the nasal microbiota from 48 infants affected by bronchiolitis from RSV virus and 28 infants with bronchiolitis but negative for the virus. Results showed a significantly lower biodiversity in the RSV-positive group with respect to the RSV-negative group, a specific microbial profile associated with the RSV-positive group different from that observed in the negative group, and significant modifications in the relative abundance of taxa in the RSV-positive group, as well as in the RSV-A group, with respect to the negative group. Furthermore, microbial network analyses evidenced, in all studied groups, the presence of two predominant sub-networks characterized by peculiar inter- and intra-group correlation patterns as well as a general loss of connectivity among microbes in the RSV-positive group, particularly in the RSV-A group. Our results indicated that infants with more severe bronchiolitis disease, caused by RSV-A infection, present significant perturbations of both the nasal microbiota structure and the microbial relationships. Patients with a milder bronchiolitis course (RSV-B-infected and patients who have cleared the virus) presented less severe alterations.
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是细支气管炎的主要病因，其严重程度可能受细菌生态系统的影响。我们的目的是分析48例受RSV病毒感染的细支气管炎婴儿和28例患有细支气管炎但病毒检测呈阴性的婴儿的鼻腔微生物群。结果显示，与RSV阴性组相比，RSV阳性组的生物多样性显著降低，RSV阳性组有特定的微生物谱，与阴性组观察到的不同，并且RSV阳性组以及RSV - A组中分类群的相对丰度相对于阴性组有显著变化。此外，微生物网络分析表明，在所有研究组中，存在两个主要的子网络，其特征是组间和组内具有特殊的相关模式，以及RSV阳性组中微生物之间的连通性普遍丧失，尤其是在RSV - A组中。我们的结果表明，由RSV - A感染引起的细支气管炎病情较重的婴儿，其鼻腔微生物群结构和微生物关系均存在显著紊乱。细支气管炎病程较轻的患者（RSV - B感染患者和已清除病毒的患者）的改变则不太严重。
