Obeid Rita, Bisson Jennifer Bailey, Cosenza Alexandra, Harrison Ashley J, James Faith, Saade Sabine, Gillespie-Lynch Kristen
Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, USA.
J Autism Dev Disord. 2021 Jan;51(1):106-128. doi: 10.1007/s10803-020-04507-2.
Are implicit and explicit biases related to ASD identification and/or stigma? College students (N = 493) completed two IATs assessing implicit stigma and racial biases. They evaluated vignettes depicting a child with ASD or conduct disorder (CD) paired with a photo of a Black or White child. CD was more implicitly and explicitly stigmatized than ASD. Accurately identifying ASD was associated with reduced explicit stigma; identifying CD led to more stigma. Participants who identified as White implicitly associated the White child with ASD and the Black child with CD. A trend in the reverse direction was observed among Black participants. Implicit and explicit biases were unrelated. Findings highlight a need for trainings to ameliorate biases favoring one's in-group.
内隐偏见和外显偏见与自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的识别及/或污名化有关吗？493名大学生完成了两项内隐联想测验（IAT），以评估内隐污名和种族偏见。他们对描述患有ASD或品行障碍（CD）的儿童并配有黑人或白人儿童照片的短文进行了评估。与ASD相比，CD受到了更多的内隐和外显污名化。准确识别ASD与减少外显污名有关；识别CD则导致更多污名。将自己认定为白人的参与者在内隐层面将白人儿童与ASD联系起来，将黑人儿童与CD联系起来。在黑人参与者中观察到相反的趋势。内隐偏见和外显偏见没有关联。研究结果凸显了开展培训以改善偏向自己内群体的偏见的必要性。
